Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2019 Jan 28;25(4):398-410.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i4.398.

Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatotropic viruses co-morbidities as the inducers of liver injury progression

Murali Ganesan  1 , Larisa Y Poluektova  2 , Kusum K Kharbanda  1 , Natalia A Osna  1
Affiliations
Review

Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatotropic viruses co-morbidities as the inducers of liver injury progression

Murali Ganesan et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Hepatotropic viruses induced hepatitis progresses much faster and causes more liver- related health problems in people co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although treatment with antiretroviral therapy has extended the life expectancy of people with HIV, liver disease induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes significant numbers of non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths in co-infected patients. In recent years, new insights into the mechanisms of accelerated fibrosis and liver disease progression in HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV co-infections have been reported. In this paper, we review recent studies examining the natural history and pathogenesis of liver disease in HIV-HCV/HBV co-infection in the era of direct acting antivirals (DAA) and antiretroviral therapy (ART). We also review the novel therapeutics for management of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV co-infected individuals.

Keywords: Fibrosis; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Stiffness; Treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus/ hepatitis B virus co-infection induced liver injury. HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; DAA: Direct acting antiviral; ART: Antiretroviral therapy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Palella FJ, Jr, Baker RK, Moorman AC, Chmiel JS, Wood KC, Brooks JT, Holmberg SD HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. Mortality in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: changing causes of death and disease in the HIV outpatient study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43:27–34. - PubMed
    1. Ganesan M, Poluektova LY, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Liver as a target of human immunodeficiency virus infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24:4728–4737. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Shmagel KV, Saidakova EV, Shmagel NG, Korolevskaya LB, Chereshnev VA, Robinson J, Grivel JC, Douek DC, Margolis L, Anthony DD, Lederman MM. Systemic inflammation and liver damage in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection. HIV Med. 2016;17:581–589. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Utsumi T, Lusida MI. Viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections in Asia. World J Virol. 2015;4:96–104. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kim AY, Chung RT. Coinfection with HIV-1 and HCV-a one-two punch. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:795–814. - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances