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Observational Study
. 2019 Jan 31;18(1):36.
doi: 10.1186/s12944-019-0983-x.

Eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio and weight loss during hospitalization for glycemic control among overweight Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective observational study

Shuhei Nakanishi  1 , Hidenori Hirukawa  2 , Masashi Shimoda  2 , Fuminori Tatsumi  2 , Kenji Kohara  2 , Atsushi Obata  2 , Seizo Okauchi  2 , Tomoe Kinoshita  2 , Junpei Sanada  2 , Yoshiro Fushimi  2 , Momoyo Nishioka  2 , Yuki Kan  2 , Akiko Tomita  2 , Akiko Mashiko  2 , Megumi Horiya  2 , Yuichiro Iwamoto  2 , Tomoatsu Mune  2 , Kohei Kaku  3 , Hideaki Kaneto  2
Affiliations
Observational Study

Eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio and weight loss during hospitalization for glycemic control among overweight Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective observational study

Shuhei Nakanishi et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), as well as EPA/AA ratio and weight loss during hospitalization in participants considered to be overweight, with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study participants included 142 patients who were hospitalized for treatment of type 2 diabetes. We divided the participants into two groups depending on the achievenemt in reduction of bodyweight 3% or more during hospitalization and examined the relationship between serum levels of EPA and AA, as well as ratio of EPA/AA on admission and effectiveness of weight loss under strict dietary therapy during hospitalization, using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results: After adjustment was made for several confounders, the hazard ratio of effective weight loss for logarithmical serum EPA was 1.59 (95% CI 1.02-2.49, P = 0.04) and for logarithmical EPA/AA ratio 1.64 (1.03-2.61, P = 0.04), whereas the hazard ratio for effective weight loss for logarithmical serum AA was 1.11 (0.45-2.78, P = 0.82). In addition, after dividing EPA/AA ratio and serum EPA into quartiles based on participant number, the hazard ratio for the highest quartile of EPA/AA ratio was 2.33 (1.14-4.77, P = 0.02), and for the highest quartile of serum EPA 1.60 (0.80-3.19, P = 0.18) compared with the lowest quartile.

Conclusion: These results suggest the possibility that EPA is involved in bodyweight change under a caloric-restriction regimen. In addition, EPA/AA ratio was found to be a better predictor of medical intervention for weight loss among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, compared with serum EPA level.

Keywords: Arachidonic acid; Body weight loss; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interest

Hideaki Kaneto has received honoraria for lectures and received scholarship grants from Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Taisho Toyama Pharma, MSD, Takeda, Ono Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Kissei Pharma, Astellas, Novartis, Kowa, Chugai, the Japan Foundation for Applied Enzymology, and A2 Healthcare. Kohei Kaku has been an advisor to, received honoraria for lectures from, and received scholarship grants from Novo Nordisk Pharma, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Takeda, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., MSD, Taisho Toyama Pharma., Astellas, Kissei Pharma., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma. Co., Ono Pharma. Co., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Novartis, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, AstraZeneca, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Fujifilm Pharma Co., and Sanofi. M.S. and S.N. have received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca and Sanofi, respectively.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The hospital ethics committee approved the study protocol, and information on the study was provided to the public via the Internet, in place of obtaining informed consent from each patient (No. 3115).

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The flow chart of the study participants
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Adjusted hazard ratios for effective body weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes. The participants were divided into quartiles by serum EPA level on admission. †P < 0.01 compared to the lowest quartile
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Adjusted hazard ratios for effective body weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes. The participants were divided into quartiles by serum AA level on admission
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Adjusted hazard ratios for effective body weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes. The participants were divided into quartiles by EPA/AA ratio on admission. *P < 0.05 compared to the lowest quartile
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