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. 2019 Jan 31;16(3):407.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030407.

Obesogenic Environment Case Study from a Food and Nutrition Security Perspective: Hermosillo City

Ana Contreras Navarro  1 , María-Isabel Ortega Vélez  2
Affiliations

Obesogenic Environment Case Study from a Food and Nutrition Security Perspective: Hermosillo City

Ana Contreras Navarro et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Obesity and certain nutritional deficiencies are global health problems that emerge in systems of interdependent individual biological and historical factors and social environmental determinants of health. Nutrition security is a framework that assumes stable access to sufficient innocuous and nutritious food (i.e., food security), health care, and sanitation, and information that in conjunction allows self-care-oriented behavior for health protection. To understand the social environment of nutrition insecurity, the object of study was the food distribution and consumption system of a marginalized community in Hermosillo, Mexico. We assessed the distribution of food establishments by social marginalization level in basic geo-statistical areas and the nutrition security status of women in underserved neighborhoods. We found that in Hermosillo >90% of food establishments included for analysis (grocery stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, and beer deposits) were distributed outside of areas with high levels of social marginalization. The nutrition security assessment suggests that low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fat and sugar may be associated with food accessibility and acceptability factors in individual decision-making processes. Future research should take into account the variability of food system environments and address the particular needs of communities in terms of food and nutrition security.

Keywords: diet; food system; measurement; obesity; public health; underserved populations.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conceptual framework of nutrition security (NS) adapted from Sanchez-Griñan (1998).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mexico map by region (mapchart.net©).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Categories of food establishments included for analysis (n = 760). Source: Own elaboration (2018), data obtained from INEGI DENUE.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Basic geo-statistical areas by social marginalization level in Hermosillo City (n = 410 AGEB).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Spatial distribution of food establishments in Hermosillo (n = 760): (a) grocery stores, (b) supermarkets, (c) convenience stores, and (d) beer deposits.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Food group contribution to total dietary energy (n = 67 participants).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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