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Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Feb:34:294-304.
doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.12.009. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

The effects of vitamin D supplementation on indices of glycemic control in Iranian diabetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Reza Sahebi  1 , Majid Rezayi  2 , Maryam Emadzadeh  3 , Maryam Salehi  3 , Maryam Tayefi  4 , Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh  5 , Negin Behboodi  6 , Azam Rastgar-Moghadam  6 , Jasmin Kharazmi Khorassani  7 , Sara Kharazmi Khorassani  8 , Akbar Mohammadi  9 , Gordon A Ferns  10 , Majid Ghayour Mobarhan  11
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The effects of vitamin D supplementation on indices of glycemic control in Iranian diabetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Reza Sahebi et al. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2019 Feb.

Abstract

Background and purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of vitamin D supplements on indices of glycemic control [homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and lipid profile in diabetic patients.

Methods: Eight databases were searched, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cross-sectional and cohort studies that have been published up to December 2017. We used the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software for all statistical analysis and used the I2 index for assessing heterogeneity. A p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: We found 621 articles, and after the exclusion of ineligible publications, 82 studies remained to be assessed of which 37 were used for meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a significant improvement in FBG (p = 0.001 and 95% CI: -0.526 to -0.136) and HbA1C (p = 0.003 and 95% CI: 1.719 to -0.361) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); while in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) the reduction in FBG (p = 0.071 and 95% CI: -0.873 to -0.035) and HbA1C (p = 0.199 and 95% CI: 3.270 to 0.681) failed to reach statistical significance. Treatment with vitamin D supplements was associated with an improvement in HOMA-IR in pregnant diabetic women (p = 0.028 and 95% CI: 0.924 to -0.053) and for individuals with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.005 and 95% CI: 1.772 to -0.319). The pooled result of the cross-sectional meta-analysis indicated that serum vitamin D concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.018 and 95% CI: 0.587 to -0.054).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that vitamin D supplementation improves indices of glycemic control (FBG, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C) in patients with diabetes mellitus. Hence, vitamin D supplements may be of potential therapeutic value in diabetic patients, as an adjuvant therapy along with other treatments.

Keywords: 25(OH)D; Iran; Meta-analysis; Serum lipid profile; Type 2 diabetes.

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