Brain-enriched MicroRNA-184 is downregulated in older adults with major depressive disorder: A translational study

Abstract

Changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) expression have been described in major depressive disorder in young and middle-aged adults. However, no study has evaluated miRNA expression in older adults with major depression (or late-life depression [LLD]). Our primary aim was to evaluate the expression of miRNAs in subjects with LLD. We first evaluated the miRNA expression using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and then we validated the miRNAs found in NGS in an independent sample of LLD patients, using RT-qPCR. Drosophila melanogaster model was used to evaluate the impact of changes in miRNA expression on behavior. NGS analysis showed that hsa-miR-184 (log₂foldchange = -4.21, p = 1.2 × 10^-03) and hsa-miR-1-3p (log₂foldchange = -3.45, p = 1.3 × 10^-02) were significantly downregulated in LLD compared to the control group. RT-qPCR validated the downregulation of hsa-miR-184 (p < 0.001), but not for the hsa-miR-1-3p. The knockout flies of the ortholog of hsa-miR-184 showed significantly reduced locomotor activity at 21-24 d.p.e (p = 0.04) and worse memory retention at 21-24 d.p.e (24h post-stimulus, p = 0.02) compared to control flies. Our results demonstrated that subjects with LLD have significant downregulation of hsa-miR-184. Moreover, the knockout of hsa-miR-184 in flies lead to depressive-like behaviors, being more pronounce in older flies.

Keywords: Biomarker; Drosophila melanogaster; Late-life depression; Major depression; MicroRNAs; miR-184.