Neurolytic Blocks

Excerpt

A neurolytic block involves the targeted destruction of a nerve or nerve plexus. Neuroablation is frequently used to describe the physical interruption of pain through chemical, thermal, or surgical means. All neurolytic techniques cause Wallerian degeneration of the nerve axon distal to the lesion.

In the early 20th century, chemicals were widely used for neurolysis. The first documented instance of chemical neurolysis was in 1863 by Luton, who administered irritant chemicals subcutaneously to patients with sciatic neuralgia, resulting in significant pain relief. Newer and safer modalities have since been introduced into pain practice, including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and neurosurgical procedures. The advancements in imaging modalities such as fluoroscopy have improved the precision and efficiency of targeted neurolysis.