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. 2019 Jan 13;5(1):e000475.
doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000475. eCollection 2019.

Which parameters to use for sleep quality monitoring in team sport athletes? A systematic review and meta-analysis

João Gustavo Claudino  1   2 , Tim J Gabbet  3   4 , Helton de Sá Souza  5 , Mário Simim  6 , Peter Fowler  7   8 , Diego de Alcantara Borba  9 , Marco Melo  10 , Altamiro Bottino  10 , Irineu Loturco  11 , Vânia D'Almeida  5 , Alberto Carlos Amadio  1 , Julio Cerca Serrão  1 , George P Nassis  12
Affiliations

Which parameters to use for sleep quality monitoring in team sport athletes? A systematic review and meta-analysis

João Gustavo Claudino et al. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. .

Abstract

Background: Sleep quality is an essential component of athlete's recovery. However, a better understanding of the parameters to adequately quantify sleep quality in team sport athletes is clearly warranted.

Objective: To identify which parameters to use for sleep quality monitoring in team sport athletes.

Methods: Systematic searches for articles reporting the qualitative markers related to sleep in team sport athletes were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science online databases. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. For the meta-analysis, effect sizes with 95% CI were calculated and heterogeneity was assessed using a random-effects model. The coefficient of variation (CV) with 95% CI was also calculated to assess the level of instability of each parameter.

Results: In general, 30 measuring instruments were used for monitoring sleep quality. A meta-analysis was undertaken on 15 of these parameters. Four objective parameters inferred by actigraphy had significant results (sleep efficiency with small CV and sleep latency, wake episodes and total wake episode duration with large CV). Six subjective parameters obtained from questionnaires and scales also had meaningful results (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (sleep efficiency), Likert scale (Hooper), Likert scale (no reference), Liverpool Jet-Lag Questionnaire, Liverpool Jet-Lag Questionnaire (sleep rating) and RESTQ (sleep quality)).

Conclusions: These data suggest that sleep efficiency using actigraphy, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Likert scale, Liverpool Jet-Lag Questionnaire and RESTQ are indicated to monitor sleep quality in team sport athletes.

Prospero registration number: CRD42018083941.

Keywords: actigraphy; performance; questionnaires and scales; recovery.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study selection Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Meta-analysis of short-term intervention studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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