Factors predicting persistence of biologic drugs in psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Long-term therapy for psoriasis is impaired by gradual loss of effectiveness and treatment discontinuation. Identifying factors that affect biologic drug survival may help in treatment optimization.

Objectives: To identify factors that predicted biologic drug persistence or discontinuation in a real-life setting.

Methods: We identified studies of biologic persistence in psoriasis through a comprehensive, systematic literature search using predefined search criteria. Studies were screened by title and abstract then further by full-text review. Hazard ratio (HR) data were extracted for all available predictive factors (HRs > 1 denoted biologic discontinuation, and HRs < 1 denoted biologic persistence). A meta-analysis of HRs (random-effects model) was used to assess any predictive factor included in at least two studies.

Results: Sixteen cohort studies were included in the review, with a total of 32 194 patients. A meta-analysis was performed on 13 studies (n = 29 802): nine for female sex (n = 28 090), six for obesity (n = 9311) and six for psoriatic arthritis (n = 24 444). Obesity and female sex predicted treatment discontinuation, with HRs of 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.32, I² = 0%] and 1.22 (95% CI 1.07-1.38, I² = 84%), respectively. Concomitant psoriatic arthritis predicted biologic persistence (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.86, I² = 0%). Female sex predicted biologic discontinuation due to side-effects, with a pooled HR of 2.16 (95% CI 1.39-3.35, I² = 67%). Other reported predictive factors (smoking, metabolic syndrome, biologic naivety, age, Dermatology Life Quality Index, dyslipidaemia, high socioeconomic status and concomitant methotrexate) were insufficiently reported for meta-analysis.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that female sex and obesity predict biologic discontinuation, and concomitant psoriatic arthritis predicts biologic survival. What's already known about this topic? Ineffectiveness is the main factor that causes drug discontinuation during long-term treatment of psoriasis. It is unclear which factors and comorbidities impact drug persistence. What does this study add? Female sex and obesity predict biologic discontinuation due to ineffectiveness and adverse events. Concomitant psoriatic arthritis is associated with improved drug persistence.