The use of cranial resection templates with 3D virtual planning and PEEK patient-specific implants: A 3 year follow-up

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of resection templates in cranioplasties in order to facilitate a one-stage resection and cranial reconstruction.

Patients and methods: In three cases, cranial resections were combined with direct reconstructions using the principles of computer-aided design, manufacturing, and surgery. The precision of the resection template was evaluated through a distance map, comparing the planned and final result.

Results: The mean absolute difference between the planned and actual reconstructed contour was less than 1.0 mm. After 3 years, no clinical signs of infection or rejection of the implants were present. The computed tomography scans showed no irregularities, and the aesthetic results remained satisfactory.

Conclusion: One-stage resection and cranial reconstruction using a resection template, control template, and a prefabricated patient-specific implant of poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) proved to be a viable and safe method.

Keywords: CAD/CAM-CAS; Computer-aided design, manufacturing, and surgery; Craniectomy; PEEK; PSI; Patient-specific implant.