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. 2019 Feb 14;24(4):669.
doi: 10.3390/molecules24040669.

Supramolecular Hybrid Material Based on Engineering Porphyrin Hosts for an Efficient Elimination of Lead(II) from Aquatic Medium

Chahrazad El Abiad  1 , Smaail Radi  2 , Maria A F Faustino  3 , M Graça P M S Neves  4 , Nuno M M Moura  5
Affiliations

Supramolecular Hybrid Material Based on Engineering Porphyrin Hosts for an Efficient Elimination of Lead(II) from Aquatic Medium

Chahrazad El Abiad et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Porphyrins show great promise for future purification demands. This is largely due to their unique features as host binding molecules that can be modified at the synthetic level, and largely improved by their incorporation into inorganic based materials. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a hybrid material obtained from the immobilization of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)-porphyrin on silica surface to remove Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) ions from water. The new organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbent was fully characterized by adequate techniques and the results show that the hybrid exhibits good chemical and thermal stability. From batch assays, it was evaluated how the efficacy of the hybrid was affected by the pH, contact time, initial metal concentration, and temperature. The adsorption kinetic and isotherms showed to fit the recent developed fractal-like pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir⁻Freundlich model respectively. The highest adsorption capacities for Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) ions were 187.36, 125.17, 82.45, and 56.23 mg g-1, respectively, at pH 6.0 and 25 °C. This study also shows that metal cations from real river water samples can be efficient removed in the presence of the new adsorbent material.

Keywords: adsorption; heavy metal cation; hybrid material; lead; porphyrinoids; selectivity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthetic methodology used to prepare the inorganic-organic hybrid SiTF5PP.
Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM images of free silica Si (a), SiPn (b) and SiTF5PP (c) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image of SiTF5PP (d).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Thermogravimetric curves of Si, SiPn and SiTF5PP.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K plots of SiPn (A) and SiTF5PP (B). Inset is given the respective BJH pore size distribution curves.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Solid-state UV-Vis spectra of H2TF5PP and of the hybrid SiTF5PP.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of pH on the adsorption of studied metal ions on SiTF5PP. Adsorption dose: V = 10 mL, m = 10 mg of SiTF5PP at optimum concentration (187.36 ppm in each case), t = 30 min and 25 °C. Lines just combine the points.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effect of contact time on SiTF5PP adsorption capacity towards Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II). Adsorption dose: V = 10 mL, m = 10 mg of SiTF5PP, at optimum pH (pH = 6), 25 °C and optimum concentration (187.36 ppm in each case). Lines just combine the point.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Effect of temperature for the sorption of metal ions onto SiTF5PP (contact time: 30 min; Adsorption dose: V = 10 mL, m = 10 mg of SiTF5PP using optimum pH (pH = 6), optimum concentration (187.36 ppm in each case), and 25 °C. Lines just combine the points.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Effect of concentration on metal ions adsorption onto SiTF5PP (Adsorption dose: 10 mg; V = 10 mL; T = 25 °C; and pH = 6). Lines just combine the points.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models fits of Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) on SiTF5PP.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Effect of foreign metal ions on the extraction of Pb(II) with SiTF5PP (contact time: 25 min, pH = 6, T = 25 °C. Adsorption dose: V = 10 mL, m = 10 mg of SiTF5PP at optimum concentrations: 187.36 ppm of each studied metal, Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II).
Figure 11
Figure 11
Thermogravimetric curves after five cycles of adsorbent regeneration and the curve before regeneration of SiTF5PP.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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