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. 2019 Feb 14;9(1):27.
doi: 10.3390/bios9010027.

Saliva, a Magic Biofluid Available for Multilevel Assessment and a Mirror of General Health-A Systematic Review

Aranka Ilea  1 , Vlad Andrei  2 , Claudia Nicoleta Feurdean  3 , Anida-Maria Băbțan  4 , Nausica Bianca Petrescu  5 , Radu Septimiu Câmpian  6 , Adina Bianca Boșca  7 , Bianca Ciui  8 , Mihaela Tertiș  9 , Robert Săndulescu  10 , Cecilia Cristea  11
Affiliations

Saliva, a Magic Biofluid Available for Multilevel Assessment and a Mirror of General Health-A Systematic Review

Aranka Ilea et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Saliva has been recently proposed as an alternative to classic biofluid analyses due to both availability and reliability regarding the evaluation of various biomarkers. Biosensors have been designed for the assessment of a wide spectrum of compounds, aiding in the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of pathologies and treatment efficiency. This literature review aims to present the development in the biosensors research and their utility using salivary assessment.

Methods: a comprehensive literature search has been conducted in the PubMed database, using the keywords "saliva" and "sensor". A two-step paper selection algorithm was devised and applied.

Results: The 49 papers selected for the present review focused on assessing the salivary biomarkers used in general diseases, oral pathologies, and pharmacology. The biosensors proved to be reliable tools for measuring the salivary levels of biochemical metabolic compounds such as glucose, proteinases and proteins, heavy metals and various chemical compounds, microorganisms, oncology markers, drugs, and neurotransmitters.

Conclusions: Saliva is a biofluid with a significant clinical applicability for the evaluation and monitoring of a patient's general health. Biosensors designed for assessing a wide range of salivary biomarkers are emerging as promising diagnostic or screening tools for improving the patients' quality of life.

Keywords: analytes; biofluid; biosensor; saliva; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The paper selection algorithm for the present review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The categories of determined compounds using salivary sensors in the eligible papers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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