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. 2019 Jul;107(7):1434-1442.
doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.36658. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Use of affinity allows anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial dual release that matches suture wound resolution

Rebecca M Haley  1 , Victoria R Qian  2 , Greg D Learn  1 , Horst A von Recum  1
Affiliations

Use of affinity allows anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial dual release that matches suture wound resolution

Rebecca M Haley et al. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2019 Jul.

Abstract

Surgical sutures are vulnerable to bacterial infections and biofilm formation. At the suture site, pain and undesirable, excess inflammation are additionally detrimental to wound healing. The development of a polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated surgical suture introduces the capability to locally deliver both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial drugs throughout the phases of acute and chronic healing. Local delivery allows for the improvement of wound healing while reducing related systemic side effects and drug resistance. Through testing, it has been shown that the fabrication of our pCD coating minimally affects the suture's mechanical properties. In vitro studies show measurable and consistent drug delivery for nearly 5 weeks. The therapeutic level of this delivery is sufficient to show inhibition of bacterial growth for 4 weeks, and free-radical scavenging (an in vitro anti-inflammatory activity approximation) for 2 weeks. With this pCD coating technique, we maintain clinical performance standards while also introducing a long-term dual delivery system relevant to the wound healing timeframe. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2019.

Keywords: anti-inflammatory; anti-microbial; drug delivery; suture; wound healing.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Interest: HvR is a co-founder of Affinity Therapeutics, but does not receive salary.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of non-absorbable nylon sutures before (A, B) and after (C, D) polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coating. Scale bar represents 100μm. pCD coated sutures show smoother surface in comparison to individual braided threads which can be seen in the uncoated image, but there is significant micro cracking throughout the coating itself.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Tensile testing of polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated and uncoated nylon sutures shows significant difference between Max Load, Work to Failure, and Strain to Failure of the two sample conditions. (*p < 0.005 and **p < 0.001) There is no significant difference between Stiffness values.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Leach study of polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated sutures, dual-loaded with rifampicin (RMP) and resveratrol (RSV), averaged (n = 3) with error bars representing standard deviation. Statistically similar loading of each drug is seen under optimal loading conditions.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Infinite sink release study of polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated sutures, dual-loaded with rifampicin (RMP) and resveratrol (RSV). Release points for each drug over time (t = 34 days) are averaged (n = 3) with error bars representing standard deviation, and plotted to visualize both daily (A) and cumulative (B) release. pCD coated sutures demonstrate consistent daily release for nearly 5 weeks, resulting in fairly linear release over time.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Zone of inhibition study of polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated sutures, dual-loaded with rifampicin (RMP) and resveratrol (RSV), against S. Aureus (t = 24 days) averaged (n = 3) with error bars representing standard deviation. pCD coated sutures demonstrate antibacterial activity against S. Aureus for at least 24 days. ANOVA shows no statistically significant difference between adjacent time points.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
DPPH scavenging study of polymerized cyclodextrin (pCD) coated sutures, dual-loaded with rifampicin (RMP) and resveratrol (RSV) (t = 14 days) averaged (n = 3) with error bars representing standard deviation. pCD coated sutures demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity through two weeks. ANOVA shows no statistically significant difference between adjacent time points.
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