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Review
. 2019 Mar;46(1):29-38.
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Necrotizing Enterocolitis Pathophysiology: How Microbiome Data Alter Our Understanding

Christina S Kim  1 , Erika C Claud  2
Affiliations
Review

Necrotizing Enterocolitis Pathophysiology: How Microbiome Data Alter Our Understanding

Christina S Kim et al. Clin Perinatol. 2019 Mar.

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the preterm infant population. The gut microbiome is of particular interest in research surrounding necrotizing enterocolitis, because variations in the intestinal microbiota seem to correlate with the risk of inflammation and disease. Recent advances in non-culture-based genomic sequencing have also allowed for more intricate analyses of the intestinal microbiome. Its evolution seems to be influenced by intrauterine and extrauterine factors, ranging from antenatal antibiotic exposure to type of enteral feeds. Ultimately, these alterations in the gut microbiome have the potential to result in devastating diseases like necrotizing enterocolitis.

Keywords: Antibiotic stewardship; Genomics; Microbiome; Necrotizing enterocolitis.

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