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Review
. 2018 Feb 23:10:9-18.
doi: 10.2147/ORR.S134732. eCollection 2018.

Optimal management of glenohumeral osteoarthritis

Chase B Ansok  1 , Stephanie J Muh  1
Affiliations
Review

Optimal management of glenohumeral osteoarthritis

Chase B Ansok et al. Orthop Res Rev. .

Abstract

Glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA) is defined as progressive loss of articular cartilage, resulting in bony erosion, pain, and decreased function. This article provides a gross overview of this disease, along with peer-reviewed research by experts in the field. The pathology, diagnosis, and classification of this condition have been well described. Treatment begins with non-operative measures, including oral and topical anti-inflammatory agents, physical therapy, and intra- articular injections of either a corticosteroid or a viscosupplementation agent. Operative treatment is based on the age and function of the affected patient, and treatment of young individuals with glenohumeral OA remains controversial. Various methods of surgical treatment, ranging from arthroscopy to resurfacing, are being evaluated. The roles of hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty are similarly reviewed with supporting data.

Keywords: glenohumeral; hemiarthroplasty; hyaluronic acid; osteoarthritis; total shoulder arthroplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Advanced osteoarthritis of the humeral head.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Advanced osteoarthritis with prominent inferior osteophyte. Notes: (A) Grashey view; (B) axillary view. The arrow points to the prominent interior osteophyte.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Modified Walch classification. Notes: A1:Centered humeral head with minor erosion; A2: centered humeral head, major central erosion; B1: posterior subluxated head without bony erosion; B2: posterior subluxated head, posterior erosion with biconcavity of the glenoid; B3: monoconcavity with retroversion > 15 degrees; C: dysplastic glenoid with at least 25° of retroversion regardless of erosion; D: glenoid anteversion and/or anterior subluxation. Reprinted from Publication J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 25 /10, Bercik MJ, Kruse K 2nd, Yalizis M, Gauci MO, Chaoui J, Walch G, A modification to the Walch classification of the glenoid in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis using three-dimensional imaging., 1601–1606, Copyright (2016), with permission from Elsevier.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Various glenohumeral arthroplasties. Note: (A) Humeral inlay arthroplasty; (B) stemmed humeral hemiarthroplasty; (C) total shoulder arthroplasty; (D) reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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