Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Jun;4(2):53-60.
doi: 10.1016/j.afos.2018.04.002. Epub 2018 May 5.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an apparently healthy Indian population - a cross-sectional retrospective study

Neelam Kaushal  1 , Divya Vohora  1 , Rajinder K Jalali  2 , Sujeet Jha  3
Affiliations

Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an apparently healthy Indian population - a cross-sectional retrospective study

Neelam Kaushal et al. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2018 Jun.

Abstract

Objectives: An understanding of bone mineral density (BMD) pattern in a population is crucial for prevention and diagnosis of osteoporosis and management of its complications in later life. This study aimed to screen the bone health status and factors associated with osteoporosis in an apparently healthy Indian population.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was done in a tertiary-care hospital for the subjects who had undergone preventive health-check-ups that included BMD measurements at femur-neck, total-femur, and lumbar-spine.

Results: We evaluated 524 subjects (age, 50.0 ± 12.4 years) including 41.2% female and 58.8% male subjects. Osteoporosis was present in 6.9% subjects (female, 11.1%; male, 4.2%) and osteopenia in 34% subjects (female, 40.3%; male, 29.9%). Absolute BMD was higher in male subjects (P < 0.001) compared to female subjects at all bone sites. Prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age in female subjects, but not in male subjects. Osteoporosis rates in the age-groups of 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and ≥70 years were 3%, 3.4%, 14.3%, 18.6%, and 36.4%, respectively in female subjects while prevalence in male subjects was 0%, 4%, 6.5%, 4.3%, and 5.6%, respectively, at lumbar spine. Height (r = 0.234-0.358), weight (r = 0.305-0.388), body mass index (r = 0.143-0.285) and physical activity (r = 0.136-0.153) were positively; and alkaline phosphatase (r = -0.133 to -0.203) was negatively correlated with BMD (all P < 0.01) at all sites. These parameters retained significant correlation after controlling for age and sex. No correlation of serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D and calcium was noted with BMD (P > 0.05) at any site.

Conclusions: Further data on absolute BMD, T scores, and prevalence rates of osteoporosis/osteopenia on multiple bone sites have been presented in this article.

Keywords: Bone mineral density; Osteopenia; Osteoporosis; Prevalence; T-scores.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Lane N.E. Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194(2 Suppl):S3–S11. - PubMed
    1. Ström O., Borgström F., Kanis J.A., Compston J., Cooper C., McCloskey E.V. Osteoporosis: burden, health care provision and opportunities in the EU: a report prepared in collaboration with the international osteoporosis foundation (IOF) and the European federation of pharmaceutical industry associations (EFPIA) Arch Osteoporos. 2011;6:59–155. - PubMed
    1. Cooper C., Campion G., Melton L.J., 3rd Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection. Osteoporos Int. 1992;2:285–289. - PubMed
    1. Mauck K.F., Clarke B.L. Diagnosis, screening, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006;81:662–672. - PubMed
    1. Hernlund E., Svedbom A., Ivergård M., Compston J., Cooper C., Stenmark J. Osteoporosis in the European union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the international osteoporosis foundation (IOF) and the European federation of pharmaceutical industry associations (EFPIA) Arch Osteoporos. 2013;8:136. - PMC - PubMed