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. 2019 Feb 11:9:4.
doi: 10.1186/s13601-019-0246-y. eCollection 2019.

Dissociating polysensitization and multimorbidity in children and adults from a Polish general population cohort

Filip Raciborski  1 , Jean Bousquet, Jean Bousqet #  2   3   4   5   6 , Andrzej Namysłowski  1   7 , Edyta Krzych-Fałta  1   7 , Aneta Tomaszewska  1 , Barbara Piekarska  1 , Piotr Samel-Kowalik  1 , Artur Z Białoszewski  1 , Artur Walkiewicz  1 , Agnieszka Lipiec  1   7 , Oksana Wojas  1   7 , Krzysztof Samoliński  8 , Anna Szylling  7 , Wojciech Zieliński  1   9 , Adam Sybilski  1 , Aleksandra Grąbczewska  1 , Bolesław Samoliński  1   7
Affiliations

Dissociating polysensitization and multimorbidity in children and adults from a Polish general population cohort

Filip Raciborski et al. Clin Transl Allergy. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Links between multimorbidity of allergic diseases and allergen sensitization are still under debate, especially in adults. This study aimed to establish a relationship between polysensitization and allergic multimorbidity in children and adults and the allergens involved in multimorbidity.

Material and method: A cross-sectional multicentre study enrolled children aged 6-7 and 13-14 years and adults aged 20-44 years from a Polish national cohort. The diagnosis of allergic diseases was made by a physician. Skin prick tests to 13 allergens and serum IgE levels to 4 allergens were tested.

Results: Among the 3856 participants, single disease (asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis) was diagnosed in 27.7% subjects and allergic multimorbidity in 9.3%. Allergic multimorbidity occurred more commonly in children than in adults (p < 0.01). Asthma or atopic dermatitis alone were not associated with polysensitization. Rhinitis and multimorbidity were associated with polysensitization. Allergic multimorbidity occurred in 2.2% of participants with negative skin prick tests, 9.8% of those with one positive prick test (SPT ≥ 3 mm) and 20.6% of polysensitized ones (p < 0.001). There was an increasing risk of multimorbidity depending on the number of positive prick tests for both SPT ≥ 3 mm (OR 9.6-16.5) and SPT ≥ 6 mm (OR 5.9-13.7). A statistically significant relationship was found between allergic multimorbidity and sensitization to cat and mite allergens.

Conclusions: Multimorbidity is associated with polysensitization especially in children compared with adults in Polish population cohort. New insights into single disease patterns were found: bronchial asthma is the strongest risk factor for the development of multimorbidity in comparison with allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.

Keywords: Allergy; Asthma; Atopic dermatitis; IgE; Muitimorbidity; Polysensitization; Rhinitis; Skin tests; Urticaria.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
STROBE flow chart
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Percentage of subjects with allergic multimorbidity by the number of positive SPTs (8 groups of allergens). X axis—number of positive allergen skin prick tests. Y axis—% of subjects with allergic multimorbidity
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The influence of diseases on risk of allergic polysensitization assessed by skin prick tests
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Association between allergen sensitization for ≥ 3 mm and ≥ 6 mm SPT threshold and allergic diseases. SPT—allergen skin prick test. n—number of subjects with a confirmed diagnosis. N—total number of subjects in the analysis (with 0 positive SPT or x SPT, where x is number of positive SPT)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Percentage of people with allergic multimorbidity by the number of positive allergen-specific IgE assays (4 allergens: d1, e1, m6, g6). X axis—sIgE assay; Y axis—% of multimorbidity among those with positive sIgE for 0, 1, 2 and 3 allergens
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The importance of sensitization to particular allergens (positive SPT ≥ 3 mm) for the occurrence of multimorbidity (n = 3856)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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