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. 2019 Mar;9(3):92.
doi: 10.1007/s13205-019-1631-x. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacterium Bacillus aryabhattai from pulp and paper mill wastewater and evaluation of its lignin-degrading potential

Surabhi Zainith  1 , Diane Purchase  2 , Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale  3 , Luiz Fernando R Ferreira  4 , Muhammad Bilal  5 , Ram Naresh Bharagava  1
Affiliations

Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacterium Bacillus aryabhattai from pulp and paper mill wastewater and evaluation of its lignin-degrading potential

Surabhi Zainith et al. 3 Biotech. 2019 Mar.

Abstract

This study reports the degradation and decolourization capability of a manganese peroxidase enzyme producing bacterium isolated from pulp and paper mill wastewater. The isolate was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai based on biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The strain was designated MG966493. This bacterium was able to reduce 67% and 54% colour and lignin, respectively, from the pulp and paper mill wastewater after 144 h of treatment at 32 °C, pH 7.6 and 120 rpm. Further, FT-IR analysis showed that during the lignin degradation process a number of metabolites were produced comprising different functional groups such as carbonyl (C=C), carboxyl (-COOH), alkene (C=C), amines (-NH2), sulphonic (-SO3) and nitro (-NO2). In addition, the SEM analysis showed that the bacterial cells exposed to pulp and paper mill wastewater have rough surfaces with reduced size as compared to the unexposed cells with smooth surfaces. This study concluded that the isolated bacterium B. aryabhattai has significant potential for the bioremediation of pulp and paper mill wastewater and thus, can be applied for their treatment at an industrial scale.

Keywords: Bacterial degradation; FT-IR analysis; Lignin reduction; Pulp and paper mill wastewater; SEM analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with ethical standardsThe authors declared that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Screening of potential lignin-degrading bacterial isolate on MSM agar plate (a: control; b: inoculated with bacterial isolate) amended with phenol red dye
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Bacterial growth and decolourization of phenol red dye in MSM broth
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
MnP enzyme activity at different time intervals
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Phylogenetic tree of the isolated bacterial strain showing the relationship with their related neighboring sp. Their names and respective accession numbers are given in the tree
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Bacterial growth (a), colour & lignin reduction (b) and MnP production (C) during pulp and paper mill wastewater decolourization by the isolated bacterium Bacillus aryabhattai
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
FT-IR spectrum of untreated (a) and bacteria treated pulp and paper mill wastewater (b)
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
SEM analysis of bacterial cells grown in control (a) and pulp and paper mill wastewater (b) during treatment process
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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