An Interprofessional Standardized Patient Case for Improving Collaboration, Shared Accountability, and Respect in Team-Based Family Discussions

Abstract

Introduction: The science of patient safety demonstrates that good communication is essential for effective interprofessional collaboration.

Methods: We created a low-stakes, formative assessment with which medical students, pharmacy students, and nursing students could practice several of the Interprofessional Education Collaborative competencies. We aimed to enable students to practice collaborative care, respect for other disciplines, and shared accountability. Senior students from medicine, nursing, and pharmacy worked in teams to disclose a medical error to a standardized patient. The activity began with an icebreaker exercise wherein students learned about each other. Next, each team planned a strategy for error disclosure and collaboratively disclosed the error. Standardized patients evaluated the team's performance. Subsequently, students regrouped for a debriefing. The participating institutions administered a survey to their students.

Results: In total, 1,151 students participated: 464 fourth-year students from the University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 450 third- and fourth-year students from Baylor College of Medicine, and 237 fourth-year students from Texas Woman's University Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, all in Houston, Texas. Postsession survey data showed that students thought they achieved the relevant competencies. Students' understanding of the perspectives of the other two disciplines improved. Students found the simulation encounter and debriefing effective in helping them consider the contributions of other disciplines to patient care.

Discussion: This interprofessional standardized patient activity enabled collaborative problem solving. The debriefing discussion broadened students' understanding of the expertise of the other disciplines and promoted shared accountability. Students found this activity engaging and effective.

Keywords: Error Disclosure; Interprofessional Education.

Figure 1.. Student rating of the effectiveness of the simulation for improving understanding of how different disciplines contribute to patient care.

Figure 2.. Student rating of the effectiveness of the debriefing and discussion for improving understanding of how different disciplines contribute to patient care.