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. 2019 Jan-Mar;9(1):49-54.
doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_259_18.

Candidal Prevalence in Diabetics and its Species Identification

Shweta Chouhan  1 , Shreenivas Kallianpur  2 , K Tukaram Prabhu  3 , Manisha Tijare  2 , Sowmya Kasetty  2 , Sandeep Gupta  2
Affiliations

Candidal Prevalence in Diabetics and its Species Identification

Shweta Chouhan et al. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2019 Jan-Mar.

Abstract

Context: Candida species is a part of the normal mouth flora. Diabetes mellitus is a predisposing factor for the onset of oral candidiasis.

Aim: The objective of this study was to estimate salivary glucose in patient with diabetes and healthy individuals, to determine total candidal counts as well as different candidal species in the saliva of patients with diabetes and nondiabetics.

Settings and design: A sample size of 80 patients was taken. Out of 80 patients, 30 patients were uncontrolled diabetes patients (Group I), 30 patients were controlled diabetes patients (Group II), and 20 patients were healthy individuals (Group III).

Subjects and methods: From all the salivary samples, salivary glucose estimation was done using the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method. Candidal colony-forming units (CFUs) were determined from all the salivary samples. CHROMagar Candida medium was used for the identification of various Candida species.

Statistical analysis used: One-way ANOVA was used to test for differences between the means of the three groups. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to evaluate the relationships between the variables.

Results: The mean salivary glucose levels were higher in Group I followed by Group II and Group III. The mean candidal CFU was significantly higher in Group I than in Group II and Group III.

Conclusion: Candida glabrata was the predominant species found and more so in patients with diabetes and needs further study. Other common species isolated was C. albicans. Species identification can help in better treatment strategies and gain good control over the disease.

Keywords: CHROMagar Candida medium; Candida species; candidiasis; diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of colony-forming units of Candida among the three groups
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation of colony-forming units of Candida and salivary glucose in nondiabetic healthy controls (Group III)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Petri dish showing cream-colored candidal colonies (Sabouraud's dextrose agar)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Petridish showing colonies of different colors: Candida glabrata as violet, Candida albicans as green (CHROMagar)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Petridish showing confluent growth of Candida glabrata (CHROMagar)
Figure 6
Figure 6
Petridish showing colonies of different colors: Candida glabrata as white/violet, Candida tropicalis as blue, and Candida albicans as green (CHROMagar)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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