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Review
. 2019 Apr;97(4):463-472.
doi: 10.1007/s00109-019-01761-5. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Insight into the mechanism of action of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis

Sudhir Kumar Yadav  1 , Devika Soin  1 , Kouichi Ito  1 , Suhayl Dhib-Jalbut  2
Affiliations
Review

Insight into the mechanism of action of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis

Sudhir Kumar Yadav et al. J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Apr.

Abstract

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an oral, disease-modifying agent for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). However, details regarding its mode of action are still emerging. It is believed that the mode of action of DMF involves both nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor (Nrf2)-dependent and independent pathways, which lead to an anti-inflammatory immune response due to type II myeloid cell and Th2 cell differentiation and neuroprotection. In this review, we will focus on the molecular and signaling effects of DMF that lead to changes in peripheral immune cell composition and function, alteration in CNS cell-specific functions, and effect on the blood-brain barrier.

Keywords: Dimethyl fumarate; Immunomodulation; Neuroprotection; Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor; Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis.

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