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. 2019 Dec;37(12):2795-2799.
doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02687-w. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Risk factors affecting post-pubertal high serum follicle-stimulating hormone in patients with hypospadias

Kimihiko Moriya  1 , Michiko Nakamura  2 , Masafumi Kon  2 , Yoko Nishimura  2 , Yukiko Kanno  2 , Takeya Kitta  2 , Nobuo Shinohara  2
Affiliations

Risk factors affecting post-pubertal high serum follicle-stimulating hormone in patients with hypospadias

Kimihiko Moriya et al. World J Urol. 2019 Dec.

Abstract

Purpose: The factors affecting spermatogenesis in adulthood in patients with hypospadias (HS) are not clearly understood. In the present study, risk factors affecting post-pubertal high serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were evaluated in patients with HS.

Materials and methods: Among those with a history of HS surgery, patients in whom endocrinological evaluation regarding pituitary-gonadal axis was performed at 15 years of age or older between March 2004 and April 2018 were enrolled in the present study. High serum FSH was defined as greater than 10 mIU/ml. The severity of HS was divided into mild and severe. Factors affecting the post-pubertal high serum FSH were estimated.

Results: Seventy-nine patients were included in the present study. The severity of HS was mild in 35 and severe in 44. History of undescended testis (UDT) was confirmed in 12. High serum FSH was detected in nine. On logistic regression model analysis, a history of UDT was the only significant factor for high serum FSH. The incidence of high serum FSH in patients with UDT was significantly higher than that in those without UDT (58.3% vs 7.5%, p < 0.01). When stratified by severity of HS and the presence of UDT, high serum FSH was detected in 70% in patients with severe HS and UDT, whereas less than 10% in other groups.

Conclusions: A history of UDT was a significant factor for post-pubertal high serum FSH in patients with HS. Accordingly, the presence of UDT may be a marker for impaired spermatogenesis in patients with HS, especially in severe cases.

Keywords: Follicle-stimulating hormone; Hypospadias; Spermatogenesis; Undescended testis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Incidence of high serum FSH stratified by severity of HS and presence/absence of UDT. While the incidence of high serum FSH was as low as 10% in patients with mild HS without UDT (n = 33), in patients with severe HS without UDT (n = 34) or in patients with mild HS and UDT (n = 2), 70% showed high serum FSH in patients with severe HS and UDT (n = 10)
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