Women's Smoking: Relationships Among Emotional Labor, Occupational Stress, and Health Promotion

Abstract

Call centers in Korea have been found to be operated mainly by women, and they experience high levels of job-related stress. Compared with the general population, the prevalence of smoking among women in Korea's call centers is strikingly high. Little attention has been paid to the associations between smoking behavior and their emotional labor, occupational stress, and health-promotion behaviors. For this cross-sectional study, a paper-based survey was conducted in a sample of female employees in a credit card call center (N = 309). Among the participants, about 20% (n = 62) were current smokers. Smokers were less engaged in health-promotion behaviors than nonsmokers, and occupational stress was negatively associated with health-promoting behaviors in nonsmokers, but not in smokers. Smokers may use cigarettes as a way of alleviating the emotional burden of their work.

Keywords: call center employees; emotional labor; health promotion; occupational stress; smoking; women.