Intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation: an Underutilized Resource

Abstract

Purpose of review: To review evidence-based lifestyle modification strategies for secondary prevention and explore how they are incorporated in traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and intensive cardiac rehabilitation (ICR) programs.

Recent findings: While physical activity is an important element of cardiac rehabilitation, more recent studies support a variety of methods, including stress management and plant-based diets, to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Patients who participate in traditional CR programs demonstrate clinical improvement, which are significantly greater in intensive CR (ICR). Yet, there is still a disparity in numbers between those who are eligible and those who ultimately enroll. Research into non-surgical and non-pharmacological health management approaches continues to validate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary intensive CR programs, but there is an increasing need to connect patients with these opportunities.

Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation; Coronary heart disease; Physical activity; Secondary prevention; Stress management.