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Review
. 2019 Mar 4;16(5):781.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16050781.

Management of Endocrinopathies in Pregnancy: A Review of Current Evidence

Daniela Calina  1 , Anca Oana Docea  2 , Kirill Sergeyevich Golokhvast  3 , Stavros Sifakis  4 , Aristides Tsatsakis  5 , Antonis Makrigiannakis  6
Affiliations
Review

Management of Endocrinopathies in Pregnancy: A Review of Current Evidence

Daniela Calina et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Pregnancy in women with associated endocrine conditions is a therapeutic challenge for clinicians. These disorders may be common, such us thyroid disorders and diabetes, or rare, including adrenal and parathyroid disease and pituitary dysfunction. With the development of assisted reproductive techniques, the number of pregnancies with these conditions has increased. It is necessary to recognize symptoms and correct diagnosis for a proper pharmacotherapeutic management in order to avoid adverse side effects both in mother and fetus. This review summarizes the pharmacotherapy of these clinical situations in order to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity.

Keywords: adrenal disorders; diabetes insipidus; parathyroid; pharmacotherapeutic management; pituitary; pregnancy; thyroid.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pregnancy and hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis. T4—Tetraiodothyronin, T3—Triiodothyronine, TRH—Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TSH—Tyroid Stimulator Hormone, TRAb—TSH Receptor Auto Antibodies, hCG—human Chorionic Gonadotropin, D3—type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pharmacotherapeutic management in maternal hyperthyroidism.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pharmacotherapeutic management in maternal hypothyroidism.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Management algorithm of palpable thyroid nodule during pregnancy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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