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Review
. 2019 Jan;48(1):20-31.

Zika Virus Infection, Basic and Clinical Aspects: A Review Article

Farshid Noorbakhsh  1 , Kamal Abdolmohammadi  1   2   3 , Yousef Fatahi  4   5 , Hossein Dalili  6 , Mehrnaz Rasoolinejad  7 , Farshid Rezaei  8 , Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri  9 , Nazanin Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi  10 , Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki  11   12 , Morteza Zaim  13 , Mohammad Hossein Nicknam  1   14
Affiliations
Review

Zika Virus Infection, Basic and Clinical Aspects: A Review Article

Farshid Noorbakhsh et al. Iran J Public Health. 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Zika virus infection has recently attracted the attention of medical community. While clinical manifestations of the infection in adult cases are not severe and disease is not associated with high mortality rates, Zika virus infection can have an impact on fetal development and lead to severe neurodevelopmental abnormalities.

Methods: To gain insight into different aspects of Zika virus infection, a comprehensive literature review was performed. With regard to epidemiology and geographical distribution of Zika virus infection, relevant information was extracted from CDC and WHO websites.

Results: In this review, we discuss different basic and clinical aspects of Zika virus infection including virology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of disease. Laboratory methods required for the diagnosis of disease together with ethical issues associated with Zika virus infection will also be discussed in detail.

Conclusion: Herein, we have tried to provide a multi-faceted view of Zika virus infection, with greater emphasis on disease status in Eastern Mediterranean Region.

Keywords: Fetal development; Flaviviridae; Microcephaly; Neurological infections; Zika virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1:
Zika virus infection at a glance (Original)
Fig. 2:
Fig. 2:
Global map of Zika virus infection
Fig. 3:
Fig. 3:
Immunopathogenic pathways and virus-host cell interaction in Zika virus infection. Infected vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) introduce Zika viruses into the host during their blood meal. A variety of cells (keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and immature dendritic cells) can be infected through receptor-mediated endocytosis using flaviviruses E glycoprotein. Zika virus entry into these cells is mediated by several receptors including DC-SIGN (CD209), TIM-1, 4 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-1, 4), AXL and Tyro3 (cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, part of the TAM family) (Original)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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