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Review
. 2019 Mar;7(2):10.1128/microbiolspec.bai-0013-2019.
doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.BAI-0013-2019.

New Age Strategies To Reconstruct Mucosal Tissue Colonization and Growth in Cell Culture Systems

Alyssa C Fasciano  1   2 , Joan Mecsas  1 , Ralph R Isberg  1
Affiliations
Review

New Age Strategies To Reconstruct Mucosal Tissue Colonization and Growth in Cell Culture Systems

Alyssa C Fasciano et al. Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Mar.

Abstract

Over the past few decades, in vitro cell culture systems have greatly expanded our understanding of host-pathogen interactions. However, studies using these models have been limited by the fact that they lack the complexity of the human body. Therefore, recent efforts that allow tissue architecture to be mimicked during in vitro culture have included the development of methods and technology that incorporate tissue structure, cellular composition, and efficient long-term culture. These advances have opened the door for the study of pathogens that previously could not be cultured and for the study of pathophysiological properties of infection that could not be easily elucidated using traditional culture models. Here we discuss the latest studies using organoids and engineering technology that have been developed and applied to the study of host-pathogen interactions in mucosal tissues.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Methods for using intestinal organoids to study host-pathogen interactions. (a) Image of undifferentiated intestinal cysts containing stem cells. (b) (Left) Cysts can be differentiated in Matrigel and used for microinjection with bacteria. (Right) Image of differentiated enteroids. (c) (Left) Cysts can be broken up enzymatically with trypsin, seeded on Transwell filters, and differentiated into a polarized monolayer with an apical side (A) and a basolateral side (B). Microbes can be added to the apical side using a pipette. (Right) Apical surface of the monolayer. All images were taken with a 4× objective lens on an optical microscope.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Method for development of a 3D silk scaffold to model human intestines. Reprinted from reference under the CC BY 4.0 license.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Method for development of the intestine chip using enteroids to model human intestines. Reprinted from reference under the CC BY 4.0 license.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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