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. 2019 Feb 1;37(1):70-75.
doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.014.

[Risk factors of oral Helicobacter pylori infection among children in two kindergartens in Suzhou and the effects of oral cleaning on reducing oral Helicobacter pylori infection]

[Article in Chinese]
Yue-E Xu  1 , Shu-Xiang Li  1 , Xin Gao  1 , Xian-Ping Wang  2
Affiliations

[Risk factors of oral Helicobacter pylori infection among children in two kindergartens in Suzhou and the effects of oral cleaning on reducing oral Helicobacter pylori infection]

[Article in Chinese]
Yue-E Xu et al. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objective: This work aimed to identify the risk factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in preschool children and provide effective measures for the prevention and reduction of the incidence of H. pylori infections.

Methods: A total of 204 children from two kindergartens in Suzhou city were recruited through a questionnaire survey. Risk factors were selected through the single factor paired data χ² test and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis. Oral and gastric H. pylori infections were detected by using H. pylori saliva detection (HPS) and ¹³C-urea breath test (¹³C-UBT). Special toothpaste for H. pylori control was selected for oral cleaning. Oral H. pylori infection rates at 2 months after special toothpaste treatment were examined by using HPS.

Results: The high-risk factors of H. pylori infections among preschool children included poor personal hygiene habits, such as the nibbling of fingers and the avoidance of hand-washing before meals, diet, and parent's history of stomach disease. Among the 204 subjects enrolled in this study, 158 (77.45%), 37 (18.14%), and 28 (13.73%) were HPS positive, ¹³C-UBT positive, and HPS and ¹³C-UBT positive, respectively. The incidence of oral H. pylori infections was significantly higher than that of gastric H. pylori infections (P<0.01). The positive rate of infections significantly decreased after special toothpaste treatment (P<0.01). This result indicates that the intervention was effective.

Conclusions: Children must receive education on good eating habits. Individualized dining habits or the use of public chopsticks must be implemented. H. pylori infections must be detected as early as possible. Specific toothpaste for oral cleaning must be selected. These approaches could drastically prevent or reduce the incidence of H. pylori infections among preschool children.

目的 了解学龄前儿童口腔幽门螺杆菌感染的危险因素，为幽门螺杆菌感染的预防提供积极有效的口腔清洁措施，降低幽门螺杆菌感染率。方法 选择苏州市两所幼儿园的儿童204例，进行问卷调查，通过单因素配对资料卡方检验及多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出危险因素；采用幽门螺杆菌唾液检测试剂（HPS）方法和¹³C-尿素呼气试验（¹³C-UBT）检测口腔和胃幽门螺杆菌感染；选择抑制幽门螺杆菌的专用牙膏进行口腔清洁，2个月后用HPS方法复查口腔幽门螺杆菌感染。结果 儿童的个人卫生如爱啃手指、爱啃玩具、饭前便后不常洗手；照养人的带养方式如咀嚼食物喂养、使用自己的筷子喂食、经常亲吻幼儿、饭前不常洗手；父母胃病史等为学龄前儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的危险因素。204例儿童中HPS阳性158例（占77.45%），¹³C-UBT阳性37例（占18.14%），HPS与¹³C-UBT均阳性28例（占13.73%），口腔幽门螺杆菌感染显著高于胃内幽门螺杆菌感染（P<0.01）。接受口腔清洁措施干预后，口腔幽门螺杆菌转阴率显著增高，表明干预有效（P<0.01）。结论 教育儿童从小养成良好的卫生习惯，实行家庭分餐制或应用公筷，尽早发现幽门螺杆菌感染并定期选择专用牙膏进行口腔清洁，对预防幽门螺杆菌感染具有重要意义。.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; oral health; preschool children; risk factors.

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