Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Mar 7;7(1):27.
doi: 10.3390/dj7010027.

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Morphological Changes Following Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Case Report

Edoardo Staderini  1 , Romeo Patini  2 , Andrea Camodeca  3 , Federica Guglielmi  4 , Patrizia Gallenzi  5
Affiliations

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Morphological Changes Following Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Case Report

Edoardo Staderini et al. Dent J (Basel). .

Abstract

The applications of computer-guided technologies for three-dimensional image analysis provide a unique opportunity to quantify the morphological dimensional changes of the face in a practical and convenient way. Symmetry of the nasolabial area is one of the main factors of facial attractiveness as well as being the main objective of the treatment of cleft lip and palate (CLP). Technological advances in computer-guided visualization modes and their applications to three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry provide more practical opportunities and alternatives for facial analysis. Each study, however, uses different protocols for the acquisition and analysis of three-dimensional images. In addition, each study identifies different anthropometric points and calculates linear and angular measurements with overlapping protocols. Therefore, it is appropriate to define a standardization of the three-dimensional analysis of CLP patients to compare the studies of different research centers. The aim of this report is to propose a protocol to standardize the acquisition and analysis of three-dimensional images to evaluate the three-dimensional changes in the nasolabial area in cleft lip and palate patients undergoing pre-surgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM).

Keywords: case report; cleft lip and palate; stereophotogrammetry.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Three-dimensional acquisition of the face with anthropometric points.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The digital workflow in a sequence shows: a selection of the symmetry areas; creation of the symmetry plan; delimitation of the area to be analyzed; and the overlap of a mirrored hemiface.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Overlap 3D of the pre- and post-treatment faces.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mosmuller D.G.M., Don Griot J.P.W., Bijnen C.L., Niessen F.B. Scoring Systems of Cleft-Related Facial Deformities: A Review of Literature. Cleft Palate Craniofac. J. 2013;50:286–296. doi: 10.1597/11-207. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Grayson B., Cutting C. Presurgical Nasoalveolar Orthopedic Molding in Primary Correction of the Nose, Lip, and Alveolus of Infants Born with Unilateral and Bilateral Clefts. Cleft Palate Craniofac. J. 2001;38:193–198. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0193_pnomip_2.0.co_2. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Grayson B.H., Shetye P.R. Presurgical nasoalveolar moulding treatment in cleft lip and palate patients. Indian J. Plast. Surg. 2009;42:S56–S61. doi: 10.4103/0970-0358.57188. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Di Carlo G., Gurani S.F., Pinholt E.M., Cattaneo P.M. A new simple three-dimensional method to characterize upper airway in orthognathic surgery patient. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2017;46 doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20170042. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fuchigami T., Kimura N., Kibe T., Tezuka M., Amir M., Suga H., Takemoto Y., Hashiguchi M., Maeda-lino A., Nakamura N. Effects of pre-surgical nasoalveolar moulding on maxillary arch and nasal form in unilateral cleft lip and palate before lip surgery. Orthod. Craniofac. Res. 2017;20:209–215. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12199. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources