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. 2019 Mar 15;24(6):1029.
doi: 10.3390/molecules24061029.

A Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Followed by UPLC-MS/MS for Simultaneous Determination of Pesticides and Aflatoxins in Herbal Tea

Rui Zhang  1 , Zhen-Chao Tan  2 , Ke-Cheng Huang  3 , Yan Wen  4 , Xiang-Ying Li  5 , Jun-Long Zhao  6 , Cheng-Lan Liu  7
Affiliations

A Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Followed by UPLC-MS/MS for Simultaneous Determination of Pesticides and Aflatoxins in Herbal Tea

Rui Zhang et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

A method for detecting the organophosphorus pesticides residue and aflatoxins in China herbal tea has been developed by UPLC-MS/MS coupled with vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). The extraction conditions for vortex-assisted DLLME extraction were optimized using single-factor experiments and response surface design. The optimum conditions for the experiment were the pH 5.1, 347 µL of chloroform (extraction solvent) and 1614 µL of acetonitrile (dispersive solvent). Under the optimum conditions, the targets were good linearity in the range of 0.1 µg/L⁻25 µg/L and the correlation coefficient above 0.9998. The mean recoveries of all analytes were in the ranged from 70.06%⁻115.65% with RSDs below 8.54%. The detection limits were in the range of 0.001 µg/L⁻0.01µg/L. The proposed method is a fast and effective sample preparation with good enrichment and extraction efficiency, which can simultaneously detect pesticides and aflatoxins in China herbal tea.

Keywords: China herbal tea; UPLC-MS/MS; aflatoxins; pesticides residue; vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Optimized parameters of the DLLME procedure: (a) type of extraction solvent (b) volume of extraction solvent (μL) (c) type of dispersive solvent (d) volume of dispersive solvent (μL) and (e) pH. Extraction conditions: volume of chloroform, 350 μL; volume of acetonitrile,1600 μL; sample pH, 5; vortex-shaken time, 1 min; centrifuging for 5 min at 3800 rpm [a: sample pH 4, 400 μL of extraction solvent (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, chlorobenzene or 1.1.2.2-tetrachloroethane) and 800 μL of acetonitrile ; b: sample pH: 4, CHCl3 (150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 μL) and 800 μL of acetonitrile; c: sample pH: 4, 350 μL of chloroform and 800 μL of dispersive solvent (acetonitrile, acetone and methanol); d: sample pH: 4, 350 μL of chloroform and different volume of acetonitrile (600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800 and 2000 μL); e: sample pH range of 2–8, 350 μL of chloroform and 1600 μL of acetonitrile].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Response using the central composite design obtained by plotting: (A) pH; (B) VE: volume of extraction solvents; (C) VD: Volume of dispersive solvent, and (f) NaCl percentage vs. volume of dispersive solvent.
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