Workplace Harassment and Discrimination in Gynecology: Results of the AAGL Member Survey

Abstract

Study objective: To characterize workplace and sexual harassment and discrimination among physicians in gynecology.

Design: A beta-tested Internet survey was distributed by e-mail using the REDCap platform. All responses were anonymous.

Setting: The survey was distributed to the 7026 physician members of an international gynecologic society (AAGL), including faculty and trainees.

Patients: Not applicable.

Interventions: The survey was distributed on 3 occasions between July and September 2018. The survey contained questions on demographics, attitudes, experiences, and sequelae regarding harassment and discrimination in the workplace. Frequency distributions and nonparametric tests were performed to determine the percentages and types of harassment and discrimination among respondents.

Measurements and main results: A total of 907 physicians responded, including 603 US physicians and 304 non-US physicians; 59% identified as female and 40% as male, and 20% were trainees. Females were more likely than males to think the #MeToo movement was "justified and overdue" (p < .05), independent of age or trainee status. More females than males reported experiencing workplace discrimination (67% vs 39%; p < .001); gender-based discrimination was the most common basis for both. Females indicated decreased self-confidence and lower salary; males indicated fewer employment opportunities and lower patient volume. Harassment was reported by more females than males (53% vs 17%; p < .001), including sexual harassment (39% vs 11%, p <.05). Most experienced loss of self-confidence, felt the offender was in a position of power, and did not report the incident, often due to fear of reprisal. Multiple respondents experienced workplace-related sexual assault.

Conclusion: Workplace harassment and discrimination are commonly experienced by female and male gynecologists and are usually related to a power differential. Improvements must be made in the workplace environment to achieve equity and a safe workplace free of harassment and discrimination.

Keywords: #MeToo; Discrimination; Harassment; Workplace.