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Review
. 2019 Sep 10;140(11):e596-e646.
doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678. Epub 2019 Mar 17.

2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Donna K Arnett, Roger S Blumenthal, Michelle A Albert  1 , Andrew B Buroker  2 , Zachary D Goldberger  3 , Ellen J Hahn  1 , Cheryl Dennison Himmelfarb  1 , Amit Khera  1 , Donald Lloyd-Jones  1 , J William McEvoy  1 , Erin D Michos  1 , Michael D Miedema  1 , Daniel Muñoz  1 , Sidney C Smith Jr  1 , Salim S Virani  1 , Kim A Williams Sr  1 , Joseph Yeboah  1 , Boback Ziaeian  4
Affiliations
Review

2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Donna K Arnett et al. Circulation. .

Erratum in

No abstract available

Keywords: AHA Scientific Statements; LDL cholesterol; antihypertensive agents; aspirin; atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; atrial fibrillation; behavior modification; behavior therapy; blood cholesterol; blood pressure; body mass index; cardiovascular; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular team-based care; cholesterol; chronic kidney disease; coronary artery calcium score; coronary disease; coronary heart disease; cost; diabetes mellitus; diet; dietary fats; dietary patterns; dietary sodium; dyslipidemia; e-cigarettes; exercise; guidelines; health services accessibility; healthcare disparities; heart failure; hypertension; lifestyle; lipids; measurement; myocardial infarction; nicotine; nonpharmacological treatment; nutrition; physical activity; prejudice; primary prevention; psychosocial deprivation; public health; quality indicators; quality measurement; risk assessment; risk factors; risk reduction; risk reduction discussion; risk treatment discussion; risk-enhancing factors; secondhand smoke; sleep; smoking; smoking cessation; social determinants of health; socioeconomic factors; statin therapy; systems of care; tobacco; tobacco smoke pollution; treatment adherence; treatment outcomes; type 2 diabetes mellitus; waist circumference; weight loss.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Hours per day spent in various states of activity.
US adults spend >7 h/d on average in sedentary activities. Replacing sedentary time with other physical activity involves increasing either moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity or light-intensity physical activity. Data modified from Young et al.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Treatment of T2DM for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CVD indicates cardiovascular disease; GLP-1R, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; SGLT-2, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; and T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Primary prevention.
Colors correspond to Class of Recommendation in Table 1. ABI indicates ankle-brachial index; apoB, apolipoprotein B; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CAC, coronary artery calcium; CHD, coronary heart disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and Lp(a), lipoprotein (a). Reproduced with permission from Grundy et al. Copyright © 2018, American Heart Association, Inc., and American College of Cardiology Foundation.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. BP thresholds and recommendations for treatment.
Colors correspond to Class of Recommendation in Table 1. BP indicates blood pressure; and CVD, cardiovascular disease. Adapted with permission from Whelton et al. Copyright © 2017, American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association, Inc.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

SEARCH CRITERIA

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    1. Guirguis-Blake JM, Evans CV, Senger CA, et al. Aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events: a systematic evidence review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164:804–13. - PubMed

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Aspirin Use
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