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. 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):2045894019841978.
doi: 10.1177/2045894019841978.

Right ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral-to-pulmonary artery systolic pressure ratio: a non-invasive metric of pulmonary arterial compliance differs across the spectrum of pulmonary hypertension

Priyanka T Bhattacharya  1   2 , Gregory S Troutman  3 , Frances Mao  2 , Arieh L Fox  4 , Monique S Tanna  4 , Payman Zamani  4 , E Wilson Grandin  5 , Jonathan N Menachem  6 , Edo Y Birati  4 , Julio A Chirinos  4 , Sula Mazimba  7 , Kerri Akaya Smith  8   9 , Steven M Kawut  1   8   9 , Paul R Forfia  10 , Anjali Vaidya  10 , Jeremy A Mazurek  4   8
Affiliations

Right ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral-to-pulmonary artery systolic pressure ratio: a non-invasive metric of pulmonary arterial compliance differs across the spectrum of pulmonary hypertension

Priyanka T Bhattacharya et al. Pulm Circ. 2019 Apr-Jun.

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC), invasively assessed by the ratio of stroke volume to pulmonary arterial (PA) pulse pressure, is a sensitive marker of right ventricular (RV)-PA coupling that differs across the spectrum of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is predictive of outcomes. We assessed whether the echocardiographically derived ratio of RV outflow tract velocity time integral to PA systolic pressure (RVOT-VTI/PASP) (a) correlates with invasive PAC, (b) discriminates heart failure with preserved ejection-associated PH (HFpEF-PH) from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and (c) is associated with functional capacity. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with PAH (n = 70) and HFpEF-PH (n = 86), which was further dichotomized by diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) into isolated post-capillary PH (DPG < 7 mmHg; Ipc-PH, n = 54), and combined post- and pre-capillary PH (DPG ≥ 7 mm Hg; Cpc-PH, n = 32). Of the 156 patients, 146 had measurable RVOT-VTI or PASP and were included in further analysis. RVOT-VTI/PASP correlated with invasive PAC overall (ρ = 0.61, P < 0.001) and for the PAH (ρ = 0.38, P = 0.002) and HFpEF-PH (ρ = 0.63, P < 0.001) groups individually. RVOT-VTI/PASP differed significantly across the PH spectrum (PAH: 0.13 [0.010-0.25] vs. Cpc-PH: 0.20 [0.12-0.25] vs. Ipc-PH: 0.35 [0.22-0.44]; P < 0.001), distinguished HFpEF-PH from PAH (AUC = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.63-0.81) and Cpc-PH from Ipc-PH (AUC = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.68-0.88), and remained independently predictive of 6-min walk distance after multivariate analysis (standardized β-coefficient = 27.7, 95% CI = 9.2-46.3; P = 0.004). Echocardiographic RVOT-VTI/PASP is a novel non-invasive metric of PAC that differs across the spectrum of PH. It distinguishes the degree of pre-capillary disease within HFpEF-PH and is predictive of functional capacity.

Keywords: Cpc-PH; non-invasive; pulmonary arterial compliance; pulmonary hypertension.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Correlation of RVOT-VTI/PASP to invasive PAC.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Box plots of RVOT-VTI/PASP across PH subgroup. (a) HFpEF-PH vs. PAH. (b) Ipc-PH vs. Cpc-PH vs. PAH.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Relationship of non-invasive compliance (RVOT-VTI/PASP) and invasively measured pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) across PH subgroups. Median RC Time: Ipc-PH: 0.039 (IQR = 0.027–0.059) vs. Cpc-PH: 0.053 (IQR = 0.040–0.088) vs. PAH: 0.088 (IQR = 0.059–0.139); P < 0.001.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Dual scatter plot with invasive PAC (on left y-axis) and RVOT-VTI/PASP on right y-axis plotted against invasive PVR.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Receiver operating characteristic curves for RVOT-VTI/PASP to distinguish: (a) HFpEF-PH and PAH; and (b) Ipc-PH and Cpc-PH.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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