Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Mar 18;3(3):CD009660.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009660.pub4.

Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness

Emily Law  1 , Emma Fisher, Christopher Eccleston, Tonya M Palermo
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness

Emily Law et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Psychological therapies for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness aim to improve parenting behavior and mental health, child functioning (behavior/disability, mental health, and medical symptoms), and family functioning.This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review (2012) which was first updated in 2015.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of psychological therapies for parents of children and adolescents with a chronic illness.

Search methods: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and trials registries for studies published up to July 2018.

Selection criteria: Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with a chronic illness. In this update we included studies with more than 20 participants per arm. In this update, we included interventions that combined psychological and pharmacological treatments. We included comparison groups that received either non-psychological treatment (e.g. psychoeducation), treatment as usual (e.g. standard medical care without added psychological therapy), or wait-list.

Data collection and analysis: We extracted study characteristics and outcomes post-treatment and at first available follow-up. Primary outcomes were parenting behavior and parent mental health. Secondary outcomes were child behavior/disability, child mental health, child medical symptoms, and family functioning. We pooled data using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and a random-effects model, and evaluated outcomes by medical condition and by therapy type. We assessed risk of bias per Cochrane guidance and quality of evidence using GRADE.

Main results: We added 21 new studies. We removed 23 studies from the previous update that no longer met our inclusion criteria. There are now 44 RCTs, including 4697 participants post-treatment. Studies included children with asthma (4), cancer (7), chronic pain (13), diabetes (15), inflammatory bowel disease (2), skin diseases (1), and traumatic brain injury (3). Therapy types included cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT; 21), family therapy (4), motivational interviewing (3), multisystemic therapy (4), and problem-solving therapy (PST; 12). We rated risk of bias as low or unclear for most domains, except selective reporting bias, which we rated high for 19 studies due to incomplete outcome reporting. Evidence quality ranged from very low to moderate. We downgraded evidence due to high heterogeneity, imprecision, and publication bias.Evaluation of parent outcomes by medical conditionPsychological therapies may improve parenting behavior (e.g. maladaptive or solicitous behaviors; lower scores are better) in children with cancer post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.43 to -0.13; participants = 664; studies = 3; SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.05; participants = 625; studies = 3; I2 = 0%, respectively, low-quality evidence), chronic pain post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.29, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.10; participants = 755; studies = 6; SMD -0.35, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.20; participants = 678; studies = 5, respectively, moderate-quality evidence), diabetes post-treatment (SMD -1.39, 95% CI -2.41 to -0.38; participants = 338; studies = 5, very low-quality evidence), and traumatic brain injury post-treatment (SMD -0.74, 95% CI -1.25 to -0.22; participants = 254; studies = 3, very low-quality evidence). For the remaining analyses data were insufficient to evaluate the effect of treatment.Psychological therapies may improve parent mental health (e.g. depression, anxiety, lower scores are better) in children with cancer post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.08; participants = 836, studies = 6, high-quality evidence; SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.08; participants = 667; studies = 4, moderate-quality evidence, respectively), and chronic pain post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.24, 95% CI -0.42 to -0.06; participants = 490; studies = 3; SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.38 to -0.02; participants = 482; studies = 3, respectively, low-quality evidence). Parent mental health did not improve in studies of children with diabetes post-treatment (SMD -0.24, 95% CI -0.90 to 0.42; participants = 211; studies = 3, very low-quality evidence). For the remaining analyses, data were insufficient to evaluate the effect of treatment on parent mental health.Evaluation of parent outcomes by psychological therapy typeCBT may improve parenting behavior post-treatment (SMD -0.45, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.21; participants = 1040; studies = 9, low-quality evidence), and follow-up (SMD -0.26, 95% CI -0.42 to -0.11; participants = 743; studies = 6, moderate-quality evidence). We did not find evidence for a beneficial effect for CBT on parent mental health at post-treatment or follow-up (SMD -0.19, 95% CI -0.41 to 0.03; participants = 811; studies = 8; SMD -0.07, 95% CI -0.34 to 0.20; participants = 592; studies = 5; respectively, very low-quality evidence). PST may improve parenting behavior post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.39, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.13; participants = 947; studies = 7, low-quality evidence; SMD -0.54, 95% CI -0.94 to -0.14; participants = 852; studies = 6, very low-quality evidence, respectively), and parent mental health post-treatment and follow-up (SMD -0.30, 95% CI -0.45 to -0.15; participants = 891; studies = 6; SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.07; participants = 800; studies = 5, respectively, moderate-quality evidence). For the remaining analyses, data were insufficient to evaluate the effect of treatment on parent outcomes.Adverse eventsWe could not evaluate treatment safety because most studies (32) did not report on whether adverse events occurred during the study period. In six studies, the authors reported that no adverse events occurred. The remaining six studies reported adverse events and none were attributed to psychological therapy. We rated the quality of evidence for adverse events as moderate.

Authors' conclusions: Psychological therapy may improve parenting behavior among parents of children with cancer, chronic pain, diabetes, and traumatic brain injury. We also found beneficial effects of psychological therapy may also improve parent mental health among parents of children with cancer and chronic pain. CBT and PST may improve parenting behavior. PST may also improve parent mental health. However, the quality of evidence is generally low and there are insufficient data to evaluate most outcomes. Our findings could change as new studies are conducted.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

EL: none known; EL is a pediatric psychologist and provides clinical service to children and adolescents with chronic pain. EL is an author on three studies included in this review (Law 2015; Palermo 2016a; Palermo 2016b), and was not involved in data extraction or assessments of these studies. During the completion of this work, EL received salary support from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Grant number K23NS089966, PI: Law).

EF: none known.

CE: none known; CE is an author on one study included in this review (Palermo 2016a), and was not involved in data extraction or assessments of this study. Since CE is an author as well as the PaPaS Co‐ordinating Editor at the time of writing, we acknowledge the input of Phil Wiffen who acted as Sign Off Editor for this review. CE had no input into the editorial decisions or processes for this review.

TP: none known; TP is an author on four studies included in this review (Law 2015; Palermo 2009; Palermo 2016a; Palermo 2016b), and was not involved in data extraction or assessments of these studies. During the completion of this work, TP received salary support from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Child Health, Behavior and Development (K24HD060068, PI: Palermo).

Figures

1
1
Study flow diagram
2
2
'Risk of bias' summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study
3
3
'Risk of bias' graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies
4
4
Forest plot of comparison 13, cognitive‐behavioural therapy post‐treatment, outcome 13.1: parenting behavior
5
5
Forest plot of comparison 13, cognitive‐behavioural therapy post‐treatment, outcome 13.2: parent mental health
6
6
Forest plot of comparison 20, problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, outcome 20.1: parenting behavior
7
7
Forest plot of comparison 20, problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, outcome 20.2: parent mental health
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1: Asthma post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
1.2
1.2. Analysis
Comparison 1: Asthma post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
1.3
1.3. Analysis
Comparison 1: Asthma post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child mental health
1.4
1.4. Analysis
Comparison 1: Asthma post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child symptoms
1.5
1.5. Analysis
Comparison 1: Asthma post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Family functioning
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2: Asthma follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parent mental health
2.2
2.2. Analysis
Comparison 2: Asthma follow‐up, Outcome 2: Child symptoms
2.3
2.3. Analysis
Comparison 2: Asthma follow‐up, Outcome 3: Family functioning
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3: Cancer post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
3.2
3.2. Analysis
Comparison 3: Cancer post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
4.1
4.1. Analysis
Comparison 4: Cancer follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
4.2
4.2. Analysis
Comparison 4: Cancer follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
5.1
5.1. Analysis
Comparison 5: Chronic pain conditions post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
5.2
5.2. Analysis
Comparison 5: Chronic pain conditions post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
5.3
5.3. Analysis
Comparison 5: Chronic pain conditions post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
5.4
5.4. Analysis
Comparison 5: Chronic pain conditions post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child mental health
5.5
5.5. Analysis
Comparison 5: Chronic pain conditions post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
6.1
6.1. Analysis
Comparison 6: Chronic pain conditions follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
6.2
6.2. Analysis
Comparison 6: Chronic pain conditions follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
6.3
6.3. Analysis
Comparison 6: Chronic pain conditions follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
6.4
6.4. Analysis
Comparison 6: Chronic pain conditions follow‐up, Outcome 4: Child mental health
6.5
6.5. Analysis
Comparison 6: Chronic pain conditions follow‐up, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
7.1
7.1. Analysis
Comparison 7: Diabetes post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
7.2
7.2. Analysis
Comparison 7: Diabetes post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
7.3
7.3. Analysis
Comparison 7: Diabetes post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child mental health
7.4
7.4. Analysis
Comparison 7: Diabetes post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child symptoms
7.5
7.5. Analysis
Comparison 7: Diabetes post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Family functioning
8.1
8.1. Analysis
Comparison 8: Diabetes follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
8.2
8.2. Analysis
Comparison 8: Diabetes follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
8.3
8.3. Analysis
Comparison 8: Diabetes follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child mental health
8.4
8.4. Analysis
Comparison 8: Diabetes follow‐up, Outcome 4: Child symptoms
8.5
8.5. Analysis
Comparison 8: Diabetes follow‐up, Outcome 5: Family functioning
9.1
9.1. Analysis
Comparison 9: Skin diseases post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
9.2
9.2. Analysis
Comparison 9: Skin diseases post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Child mental health
9.3
9.3. Analysis
Comparison 9: Skin diseases post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child symptoms
9.4
9.4. Analysis
Comparison 9: Skin diseases post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Family functioning
10.1
10.1. Analysis
Comparison 10: Skin diseases follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
10.2
10.2. Analysis
Comparison 10: Skin diseases follow‐up, Outcome 2: Child mental health
10.3
10.3. Analysis
Comparison 10: Skin diseases follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child symptoms
10.4
10.4. Analysis
Comparison 10: Skin diseases follow‐up, Outcome 4: Family functioning
11.1
11.1. Analysis
Comparison 11: Traumatic brain injury post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
11.2
11.2. Analysis
Comparison 11: Traumatic brain injury post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
11.3
11.3. Analysis
Comparison 11: Traumatic brain injury post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
11.4
11.4. Analysis
Comparison 11: Traumatic brain injury post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child mental health
11.5
11.5. Analysis
Comparison 11: Traumatic brain injury post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Family functioning
12.1
12.1. Analysis
Comparison 12: Traumatic brain injury follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
12.2
12.2. Analysis
Comparison 12: Traumatic brain injury follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
12.3
12.3. Analysis
Comparison 12: Traumatic brain injury follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
12.4
12.4. Analysis
Comparison 12: Traumatic brain injury follow‐up, Outcome 4: Child mental health
12.5
12.5. Analysis
Comparison 12: Traumatic brain injury follow‐up, Outcome 5: Family functioning
13.1
13.1. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
13.2
13.2. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
13.3
13.3. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
13.4
13.4. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child mental health
13.5
13.5. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
13.6
13.6. Analysis
Comparison 13: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 6: Family functioning
14.1
14.1. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
14.2
14.2. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
14.3
14.3. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
14.4
14.4. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 4: Child mental health
14.5
14.5. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
14.6
14.6. Analysis
Comparison 14: Cognitive‐behavioral therapy follow‐up, Outcome 6: Family functioning
15.1
15.1. Analysis
Comparison 15: Family therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parent mental health
15.2
15.2. Analysis
Comparison 15: Family therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Child mental health
15.3
15.3. Analysis
Comparison 15: Family therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child symptoms
15.4
15.4. Analysis
Comparison 15: Family therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Family functioning
16.1
16.1. Analysis
Comparison 16: Family therapy follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parent mental health
16.2
16.2. Analysis
Comparison 16: Family therapy follow‐up, Outcome 2: Child symptoms
16.3
16.3. Analysis
Comparison 16: Family therapy follow‐up, Outcome 3: Family functioning
17.1
17.1. Analysis
Comparison 17: Motivational interviewing post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
17.2
17.2. Analysis
Comparison 17: Motivational interviewing post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Child symptoms
17.3
17.3. Analysis
Comparison 17: Motivational interviewing post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Family functioning
18.1
18.1. Analysis
Comparison 18: Multisystemic therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
18.2
18.2. Analysis
Comparison 18: Multisystemic therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Child mental health
18.3
18.3. Analysis
Comparison 18: Multisystemic therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child symptoms
19.1
19.1. Analysis
Comparison 19: Multisystemic therapy follow‐up, Outcome 1: Child symptoms
20.1
20.1. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
20.2
20.2. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
20.3
20.3. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
20.4
20.4. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 4: Child mental health
20.5
20.5. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
20.6
20.6. Analysis
Comparison 20: Problem‐solving therapy post‐treatment, Outcome 6: Family functioning
21.1
21.1. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 1: Parenting behavior
21.2
21.2. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 2: Parent mental health
21.3
21.3. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 3: Child behavior/disability
21.4
21.4. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 4: Child mental health
21.5
21.5. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 5: Child symptoms
21.6
21.6. Analysis
Comparison 21: Problem‐solving therapy follow‐up, Outcome 6: Family functioning
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

References to studies included in this review

Ambrosino 2008 {published data only}
    1. Ambrosino JM, Fennie K, Whittemore R, Jaser S, Dowd MF, Grey M. Short-term effects of coping skills training in school-age children with type 1 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes 2008;9(3 Part 2):74-82. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Grey M, Whittermore R, Jaser S, Ambrosino J, Lindemann E, Liberti L, et al. Effects of coping skills training in school-age children with type 1 diabetes. Research in Nursing & Health 2009;32(4):405-18. - PMC - PubMed
Bonnert 2017 {published data only}
    1. Bonnert M, Olén O, Lalouni M, Benninga MA, Battai M, Engelbrektsson J, et al. Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2017;112:152-62. - PubMed
Daniel 2015 {published data only}
    1. Daniel LC, Li Y, Smith K, Tarazi R, Robinson R, Patterson CA, et al. Lessons learned from a randomized controlled trial of a family-based intervention to promote school functioning for school-age children with sickle cell disease. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2015;40(10):1085-94. - PMC - PubMed
Doherty 2013 {published data only}
    1. Doherty FM, Calam R, Sanders MR. Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) for families of adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial of self-directed teen Triple P. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2013;38(8):846-58. - PubMed
Ellis 2005 {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Frey MA, Naar-King S, Templin T, Cunningham P, Cakan N. The effects of multisystemic therapy on diabetes stress among adolescents with chronically poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: findings from a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2005;116(6):e826-32. - PubMed
    1. Ellis DA, Frey MA, Naar-King S, Templin T, Cunningham P, Cakan N. Use of multisystemic therapy to improve regimen adherence among adolescents with type 1 diabetes in chronic poor metabolic control. Diabetes Care 2005;28(7):1604-10. - PubMed
    1. Ellis DA, Templin T, Naar-King S, Frey MA, Cunningham PB, Podolski CL, et al. Multisystemic therapy for adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: stability of treatment effects in a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2007;75(1):168-74. - PubMed
    1. Ellis DA, Yopp J, Templin T, Naar-King S, Frey MA, Cunningham PB, et al. Family mediators and moderators of treatment outcomes among youths with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2007;32(2):194-205. - PubMed
    1. Naar-King S, Ellis DA, Idalski A, Frey MA, Cunningham P. Multisystemic therapy decreases parental overestimation of adolescent responsibility for type 1 diabetes management in urban youth. Families, Systems & Health 2007;25(2):178-89.
Ellis 2012 {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Naar-King S, Chen X, Moltz K, Cunningham P, Idalski-Carcone A. Multisystemic therapy compared to telephone support for youth with poorly controlled diabetes: findings from a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Behavioural Medicine 2012;44(2):207-15. - PMC - PubMed
Ellis 2017a {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Carcone AI, Ondersma SJ, Naar-King S, Dekelbab B, Moltz K. Brief computer-delivered intervention to increase parental monitoring in families of African American adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Telemedicine Journal and E-health 2017;23(6):493-502. - PMC - PubMed
Ellis 2017b {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Carcone AI, Naar-King S, Rajkumar D, Palmisano G, Moltz K. Adaptation of an evidence-based diabetes management intervention for delivery in community settings: findings from a pilot randomized effectiveness trial. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2017 [Epub ahead of print]:1-16. - PMC - PubMed
Greenley 2015 {published data only}
    1. Greenley RN, Gumidyala AP, Nguyen E, Plevinsky JM, Poulopoulos N, Thomason MM. Can you teach a teen new tricks? Problem solving skills training improves oral medication adherence in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease participating in a randomized trial. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2015;21(11):2649-57. - PubMed
Hoekstra‐Weebers 1998 {published data only}
    1. Hoekstra-Weebers JE, Heuvel F, Jaspers JP, Kamps WA, Klip EC. Brief report: an intervention program for parents of pediatric cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1998;23(3):207-14. - PubMed
Husted 2014 {published data only}
    1. Husted GR, Thorsteinsson B, Appel-Esbensen B, Gluud C, Winkel P, Hommel E. Effect of guided self-determination youth intervention integrated into outpatient visits versus treatment as usual on glycemic control and life skills: a randomized clinical trial in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Trials 2014;15(321):321. [DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-321] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Kashikar‐Zuck 2012 {published data only}
    1. Kashikar-Zuck S, Ting TV, Arnold LM, Bean J, Powers SW, Graham TB, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of juvenile fibromyalgia. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2012;64(1):297-305. - PMC - PubMed
Kazak 2004 {published data only}
    1. Kazak AE, Alderfer MA, Streisand R, Simms S, Rourke MT, Barakat LP, et al. Treatment of posttraumatic stress symptoms in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer and their families: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Family Psychology 2004;18(3):493-504. - PubMed
Laffel 2003 {published data only}
    1. Laffel LM, Vangsness L, Connell A, Goebel-Fabbri A, Butler D, Anderson BJ. Impact of ambulatory, family-focused teamwork intervention on glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes. Journal of Pediatrics 2003;142(4):409-16. - PubMed
Law 2015 {published data only}
    1. Law EF, Beals-Erickson SE, Noel M, Claar R, Palermo TM. Pilot randomized controlled trial of internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral treatment for pediatric headache. Headache 2015;55(10):1410-25. - PMC - PubMed
Levy 2010 {published data only}
    1. Levy RL, Langer SL, Walker LS, Romano JM, Christie DL, Youssef N, et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for children with functional abdominal pain and their parents decreases pain and other symptoms. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2010;105(4):946-56. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Levy RL, Langer SL, Walker LS, Romano JM, Christie DL, Youssef N, et al. Twelve-month follow-up of cognitive behavioural therapy for children with functional abdominal pain. JAMA Pediatric 2013;167(2):178-84. - PMC - PubMed
Levy 2016 {published data only}
    1. Levy RL, Van Tilburg MA, Langer SL, Romano JM, Walker LS, Mancl LA, et al. Effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy intervention trial to improve disease outcomes in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2016;22(9):2134-48. - PMC - PubMed
Levy 2017 {published data only}
    1. Levy RL, Langer SL, Van Tilburg MAL, Romano JM, Murphy TB, Walker LS, et al. Brief telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy targeted to parents of children with functional abdominal pain: a randomized controlled trial. Pain 2017;158(4):618-28. - PMC - PubMed
May 2017 {published data only}
    1. May DK, Ellis DA, Cano A, Dekelbab B. Improving diabetes-related parent–adolescent communication with individualized feedback. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2017;42(10):1114-22. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx070] - DOI - PubMed
Mayer‐Davis 2015 {published data only}
    1. Mayer-Davis EJ, Seid M, Crandell J, Dolan L, Lagarde WH, Letourneau L, et al. Flexible Lifestyles for Youth (FL3X) behavioural intervention for at-risk adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized pilot and feasibility trial. Diabetic Medicine 2015;32(6):829-33. - PMC - PubMed
Morawska 2016 {published data only}
    1. Morawska A, Mitchell AE, Burges S, Fraser J. Effects of Triple P parenting intervention on child health outcomes for childhood asthma and eczema: randomised controlled trial. Behavior Research and Therapy 2016;83:35-44. - PubMed
Naar‐King 2014 {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, King P, Naar-King S, Lam P, Cunningham PB, Secord E. Effects of family treatment on parenting beliefs among caregivers of youth with poorly controlled asthma. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 2014;35(8):846-93. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Naar-King S, Ellis D, King PS, Lam P, Cunningham P, Secord E, et al. Multisystemic therapy for high-risk African American adolescents with asthma: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2014;82(3):536-45. - PMC - PubMed
Nansel 2009 {published data only}
    1. Nansel TR, Anderson BJ, Laffel LM, Simons-Morton BG, Weissberg-Benchell J, Wysocki T, et al. A multi-site trial of a clinic-integrated intervention for promoting family management of pediatric type 1 diabetes: feasibility and design. Pediatric Diabetes 2009;10(2):105-15. - PMC - PubMed
Nansel 2012 {published data only}
    1. Nansel TR, Iannotti RJ, Liu A. Clinic-integrated behavioural intervention for families of youth with type 1 diabetes: randomized clinical trial. Pediatrics 2012;129(4):1-8. - PMC - PubMed
Palermo 2009 {published data only}
    1. Palermo TM, Wilson AC, Peters M, Lewandowski A, Somhegyi H. Randomized controlled trial of an internet delivered family cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for children and adolescents with chronic pain. Pain 2009;146(1-2):205-13. - PMC - PubMed
Palermo 2016a {published data only}
    1. Palermo TM, Law EF, Bromberg M, Fales J, Eccleston C, Wilson AC. Problem-solving skills training for parents of children with chronic pain: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Pain 2016;157(6):1213-23. - PMC - PubMed
Palermo 2016b {published data only}
    1. Palermo TM, Law EF, Fales J, Bromberg MH, Jessen-Fiddick T, Tai G. Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral treatment for adolescents with chronic pain and their parents: a randomized controlled multicenter trial. Pain 2016;157(1):174-85. - PMC - PubMed
Powers 2013 {published data only}
    1. Powers SW, Kashikar-Zuck SM, Allen JR, LeCates SL, Slater SK, Zafar M, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline for chronic migraine in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013;310(24):2622-30. - PMC - PubMed
Robins 2005 {published data only}
    1. Robins PM, Smith SM, Glutting JJ, Bishop CT. A randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral family intervention for pediatric recurrent abdominal pain. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2005;30(5):397-408. - PubMed
Sahler 2002 {published data only}
    1. Sahler OJ, Varni JW, Fairclough DL, Butler RW, Noll RB, Dolgin MJ, et al. Problem-solving skills training for mothers of children with newly diagnosed cancer: a randomized trial. Developmental and Behavioural Pediatrics 2002;23(2):77-86. - PubMed
Sahler 2005 {published data only}
    1. Sahler OJ, Fairclough DL, Phipps S, Mulhern RK, Dolgin MJ, Noll RB, et al. Using problem-solving skills training to reduce negative affectivity in mothers of children with newly diagnosed cancer: report of a multi-site randomized trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2005;73(2):272-83. - PubMed
Sahler 2013 {published data only}
    1. Askins MA, Sahler OJ, Sherman SA, Fairclough DL, Butler RW, Katz ER, et al. Report from a multi-institutional randomized clinical trial examining computer-assisted problem-solving skills training for English-and Spanish-speaking mothers of children with newly diagnosed cancer. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008;34(5):551-63. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sahler OJ, Dolgin MJ, Phipps S, Fairclough DL, Askins MA, Katz ER, et al. Specificity of problem solving skills training in mothers of children newly diagnosed with cancer: results of a multi-site randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013;31(10):1329-35. - PMC - PubMed
Sanders 1994 {published data only}
    1. Sanders MR, Shepherd RW, Cleghorn G, Woolford H. The treatment of recurrent abdominal pain in children: a controlled comparison of cognitive-behavioral family intervention and standard pediatric care. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1994;62(2):306-14. - PubMed
Seid 2010 {published data only}
    1. Seid M, Varni JW, Gidwani P, Gelhard LR, Slymen DJ. Problem-solving skills training for vulnerable families of children with persistent asthma: report of a randomized trial on health-related quality of life outcomes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2010;35(10):1133-43. - PMC - PubMed
Stark 2005 {published data only}
    1. Stark LJ, Davis AM, Janicke DM, Mackner LM, Hommel KA, Bean JA, et al. A randomized clinical trial of dietary calcium to improve bone accretion in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatrics 2006;148(4):501-7. [DOI: 10.1016/jpeds.2005.11.043] - DOI - PubMed
    1. Stark LJ, Janicke D, McGrath AM, Mackner L, Hommel KA, Lovell D. Prevention of osteoporosis: a randomized clinical trial to increase calcium intake in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2005;30(5):377-86. - PubMed
Stehl 2009 {published data only}
    1. Stehl ML, Kazak AE, Alderfer MA, Rodriguez A, Hwang WT, Pai AL, et al. Conducting a randomized clinical trial of a psychological intervention for parents/caregivers of children with cancer shortly after diagnosis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2009;34(8):803-16. - PMC - PubMed
Tsitsi 2017 {published data only}
    1. Tsitsi T, Andreas C, Evridiki P, Raftopoulos V. Effectiveness of a relaxation intervention (progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery techniques) to reduce anxiety and improve mood of parents of hospitalized children with malignancies: a randomized controlled trial in Republic of Cyprus and Greece. European Journal of Oncology Nursing 2017;26:9-18. - PubMed
Wade 2006a {published data only}
    1. Wade SL, Carey J, Wolfe CR. An online family intervention to reduce parental distress following pediatric brain injury. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2006;74(3):445-54. - PubMed
    1. Wade SL, Carey J, Wolfe CR. The efficacy of an online cognitive-behavioral family intervention in improving child behavior and social competence following pediatric brain injury. Rehabilitation Psychology 2006;51(3):179-89.
Wade 2014 {published data only}
    1. Narad M, Minich N, Gerry-Taylor H, Kirkwood M, Maines-Brown T, Stancin T, et al. Effects of a web-based intervention on family functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Development and Behavioral Pediatrics 2015;36(9):700-7. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Petranovich CL, Wade SL, Gerry-Taylor H, Cassedy A, Stancin T, Kirkwood MW, et al. Long-term caregiver mental health outcomes following a predominately online intervention for adolescents with complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2015;40(7):680-8. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tlustos SJ, Kirkwood MW, Gerry-Taylor H, Stancin T, Brown TM, Wade SL. A randomized problem-solving trial for adolescent brain injury: changes in social competence. Rehabilitation Psychology 2016;61(4):347-57. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wade SL, Gerry-Taylor H, Cassedy A, Zhang N, Kirkwood MW, Brown TM, et al. Long-term behavioral outcomes after a randomized, clinical trial of counselor-assisted problem solving for adolescents with complicated mild-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2015;32:967-75. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wade SL, Kurowski BG, Kirkwood MW, Zhang N, Cassedy A, Brown TM, et al. Online problem-solving therapy after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 2015;135(2):487-95. - PMC - PubMed
Wade 2017 {published data only}
    1. Wade SL, Cassedy AE, Shultz EL, Zang H, Zhang N, Kirkwood MW, et al. Randomized clinical trial of online parent training for behavior problems after early brain injury. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2017;56(11):930-9. - PubMed
Westrupp 2015 {published data only}
    1. Westrupp EM, Northam E, Lee KJ, Scratch SE, Cameron F. Reducing and preventing internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program. Pediatric Diabetes 2014;16:554-63. - PubMed
Wysocki 1999 {published data only}
    1. Wysocki T, Greco P, Harris MA, Bubb J, White NH. Behavior therapy for families of adolescents with diabetes: maintenance of treatment effects. Diabetes Care 2001;24(3):441-6. - PubMed
    1. Wysocki T, Harris MA, Greco P, Bubb J, Danda CE, Harvey LM, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of behavior therapy for families of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2000;25(1):23-33. - PubMed
    1. Wysocki T, Miller KM, Greco P, Harris MA, Harvey LM, Taylor A, et al. Behavior therapy for families of adolescents with diabetes: effects on directly observed family interactions. Behavior Therapy 1999;30:507-25.
Wysocki 2006 {published data only}
    1. Wysocki T, Harris MA, Buckloh LM, Mertlich D, Lochrie AS, Mauras N, et al. Randomized trial of behavioral family systems therapy for diabetes: maintenance of effects on diabetes outcomes in adolescents. Diabetes Care 2007;30(3):555-60. - PubMed
    1. Wysocki T, Harris MA, Buckloh LM, Mertlich D, Lochrie AS, Taylor A, et al. Effects of behavioral family systems therapy for diabetes on adolescents' family relationships, treatment adherence, and metabolic control. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006;31(9):928-38. - PubMed
    1. Wysocki T, Harris MA, Buckloh LM, Mertlich D, Lochrie AS, Taylor A, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of behavioral family systems therapy for diabetes: maintenance and generalization of effects on parent-adolescent communication. Behavior Therapy 2008;39:33-46. - PubMed
Yeh 2016 {published data only}
    1. Yeh HY, Ma WF, Huang JL, Hsueh KC, Chiang LC. Evaluating the effectiveness of a family empowerment program on family function and pulmonary function of children with asthma: a randomized control trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2016;60:133-44. - PubMed

References to studies excluded from this review

Aleman 1992 {published data only}
    1. Aleman Mendez S, Palacios AS. An integrated approach to the psychological features of the asthmatic child [Un adordaje integral de los aspectos psicologicos del niño asmatico]. Allergologia et Immunopathologia 1992;20(6):240-5. - PubMed
Allen 1998 {published data only}
    1. Allen KD, Shriver MD. Role of parent-mediated pain behavior management strategies in biofeedback treatment of childhood migraines. Behaviour Therapy 1998;29:477-90.
Anderson 1999 {published data only}
    1. Anderson BJ, Ho J, Brackett J, Laffel LMB. An office-based intervention to maintain parent-adolescent teamwork in diabetes management: impact on parent involvement, family conflict, and subsequent glycemic control. Diabetes Care 1999;22(7):713-21. - PubMed
Antonini 2014 {published data only}
    1. Antonini TN, Raj SP, Oberjohn KS, Cassedy A, Makoroff KL, Fouladi M, et al. Pilot randomized trial of an online parenting skills program for pediatric traumatic brain injury: improvements in parenting and child behavior. Behavior Therapy 2014;45(4):455-68. - PubMed
Barakat 2010 {published data only}
    1. Barakat LP, Schwartz LA, Salaom KS, Radcliffe J. A family-based randomized controlled trial of pain intervention for adolescents with sickle cell disease. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology 2010;32(7):540-7. - PMC - PubMed
Barrera 2018a {published data only}
    1. Barrera M, Atenagu EG, Sung L, Bartels U, Schulte F, Chung J, et al. A randomized control intervention trial to improve social skills and quality of life in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Psycho-Oncology 2018;27(1):91-8. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4385] - PubMed
Barrera 2018b {published data only}
    1. Barrera M, Atenafu EG, Schulte F, Nathan PC, Hancock K, Saleh A. A randomized controlled trial of a group intervention for siblings of children with cancer: changes in symptoms of anxiety in siblings of caregivers. Psycho-oncology 2018;27(6):1629-34. - PubMed
Barry 1997 {published data only}
    1. Barry J, Von Baeyer CL. Brief cognitive-behavioral group treatment for child's headache. Clinical Journal of Pain 1997;13(3):215-20. - PubMed
Bellin 2013 {published data only}
    1. Bellin MH, Kub J, Frick KD, Bollinger ME, Tsoukleris M, Walker J, et al. Stress and quality of life in caregivers of inner-city minority children with poorly controlled asthma. Journal of Pediatric Health Care 2013;27(2):127-34. - PMC - PubMed
Betancourt 2004 {published data only}
    1. Betancourt GP, Gutierrez de Pineres Scarpetta C. Psychological intervention pre-postsurgical program for cardiovascular pediatric patients. Saludarte 2004;3(11):19-34.
Borhani 2011 {published data only}
    1. Borhani F, Najafi MK, Rabori ED, Sabzevari S. The effect of family-centred empowerment model on quality of life of school-aged children with thalassemia major. Iranian Journal of Nursing Midwifery Research 2011;16(4):292-8. - PMC - PubMed
Braga 2005 {published data only}
    1. Braga L, Da Paz A Jr, Ylvisaker M. Direct clinician-delivered versus indirect family-supported rehabilitation of children with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. Brain Injury 2005;19(10):819-31. - PubMed
Brown 2014 {published data only}
    1. Brown FL, Whittingham K, Boyd RN, McKinlay L, Sofronoff K. Does Stepping Stones Triple P plus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy improve parent, couple, and family adjustment following paediatric acquired brain injury? A randomised controlled trial. Behavior and Research Therapy 2015;73:58-66. - PubMed
    1. Brown FL, Whittingham K, Boyd RN, McKinlay L, Sofronoff K. Improving child and parenting outcomes following paediatric acquired brain injury: a randomised controlled trial of Stepping Stones Triple P plus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2014;55(10):1172-83. - PubMed
Bruzzese 2008 {published data only}
    1. Bruzzese J, Unikel L, Gallagher R, Evans D, Colland V. Feasilbility and impact of a school-based intervention for families of urban adolescents with asthma: results from a randomized pilot trial. Family Process 2008;47(1):95-113. - PubMed
Burke 1997 {published data only}
    1. Burke SO, Handley-Derry MH, Costello EA, Kauffmann E, Dillon MC. Stress-point intervention for parents of repeatedly hospitalized children with chronic conditions. Research in Nursing & Health 1997;20(6):475-85. - PubMed
Burke 2001 {published data only}
    1. Burke SO, Harrison MB, Kauffmann E, Wong C. Effects of stress-point intervention with families of repeatedly hospitalized children. Journal of Family Nursing 2001;7(2):128-58.
Cakan 2007 {published data only}
    1. Cakan N, Ellis DA, Templin T, Frey M, Naar-King S. The effects of W8 status on treatment outcomes in a randomized clinical trial of multisystemic therapy for adolescents with type 1 diabetes and chronically poor metabolic control. Pediatric Diabetes 2007;8(4):206-13. - PubMed
Canino 2008 {published data only}
    1. Canino G, Vila D, Normand ST, Acosta-Perez E, Ramirez R, Garcia P, et al. Reducing asthma health disparities in poor Puerto Rican children: the effectiveness of a culturally tailored family intervention. Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology 2008;121(3):665-70. - PMC - PubMed
Canino 2016 {published data only}
    1. Canino G, Shrout PE, Vila D, Ramίrez R, Rand C. Effectiveness of a multi-level asthma intervention in increasing controller medication use: a randomized control trial. Journal of Asthma 2016;53(3):301-10. - PMC - PubMed
Carey 2008 {published data only}
    1. Carey JC, Wade SL, Wolfe CR. Lessons learned: the effect of prior technology use on web-based interventions. Cyber Psychology & Behavior 2008;11(2):188-95. - PMC - PubMed
Celano 2012 {published data only}
    1. Celano MP, Holsey CN, Kobrynski LJ. Home-based family intervention for low-income children with asthma: a randomized controlled pilot study. Journal of Family Psychology 2012;26(2):171-8. - PubMed
Cernvall 2015 {published data only}
    1. Cernvall M, Carlbring P, Ljungman L, Ljungman G, Essen L. Internet-based guided self-help for parents of children on cancer treatment: a randomized controlled trial. Psycho-Oncology 2015;24:1152-8. - PMC - PubMed
Chen 2013 {published data only}
    1. Chen SH, Huang JL, Yeh KW, Tsai YF. Interactive support interventions for caregivers of asthmatic children. Journal of Asthma 2013;50(6):649-57. - PubMed
Chernoff 2002 {published data only}
    1. Chernoff RG, Ireys HT, DeVet KA, Kim YJ. A randomized, controlled trial of a community-based support program for families of children with chronic illness: pediatric outcomes. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2002;156(6):533-9. - PubMed
Chiang 2009 {published data only}
    1. Chiang L, Ma W, Huang J, Tseng L, Hsueh K. Effect of relaxation-breathing training on anxiety and asthma signs/symptoms of children with moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2009;46(8):1061-70. - PubMed
Christie 2016 {published data only}
    1. Christie D, Thompson R, Sawtell M, Allen E, Cairns J, Smith F, et al. Effectiveness of a structured educational intervention using psychological delivery methods in children and adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of the CASCADE intervention. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2016;4(1):1. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000165] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Churchill 2018 {published data only}
    1. Churchill SS, Kieckhefer GM. One year follow-up of outcomes from the RCT of the building on family strengths program. Maternal and Child Health Journal 2018;22(6):913-21. - PubMed
Connelly 2006 {published data only}
    1. Connelly M, Rapoff MA, Thompson N, Connelly W. Headstrong: a pilot study of a CD-ROM intervention for recurrent pediatric headache. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006;31(7):737-47. - PubMed
Duarte 2006 {published data only}
    1. Duarte MA, Penna FJ, Andrade EM, Cancela CS, Neto JC, Barbosa TF. Treatment of nonorganic recurrent abdominal pain: cognitive-behavioral family intervention. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2006;43(1):59-64. - PubMed
Ellis 2004 {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Naar-King S, Frey M, Templin T, Rowland M, Greger N. Use of multisystemic therapy to improve regimen adherence among adolescents with type 1 diabetes in poor metabolic control: a pilot investigation. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 2004;11(4):315-24.
Ellis 2007 {published data only}
    1. Ellis DA, Naar-King S, Templin T, Frey MA, Cunningham PB. Improving health outcomes among youth with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: the role of treatment fidelity in a randomized clinical trial of multisystemic therapy. Journal of Family Psychology 2007;21(3):363-71. - PubMed
Ellis 2008 {published data only}
    1. Ellis D, Naar-King S, Templin T, Frey M, Cunningham P, Sheidow A, et al. Multisystemic therapy for adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: reduced diabetic ketoacidosis admissions and related costs over 24 months. Diabetes Care 2008;31(9):1746-7. - PMC - PubMed
Evans 1999 {published data only}
    1. Evans R, Gergen PJ, Mitchell H, Kattan M, Kercsmar C, Crain E, et al. A randomized clinical trial to reduce asthma morbidity among inner-city children: results of the national cooperative inner-city asthma study. Journal of Pediatrics 1999;135(3):332-8. - PubMed
Fedele 2013 {published data only}
    1. Fedele DA, Hullmann SE, Chaffin M, Kenner C, Fisher MJ, Kirk K, et al. Impact of a parent-based interdiscplinary intervention for mothers on adjustment in children newly diagnosed with cancer. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2013;38(5):531-40. - PMC - PubMed
Field 1998 {published data only}
    1. Field T, Henteleff T, Hernandez-Reif M, Martinez E, Mavunda K, Kuhn C, et al. Children with asthma have improved pulmonary functions after massage therapy. Journal of Pediatrics 1998;132(5):854-8. - PubMed
Forsander 1995 {published data only}
    1. Forsander G, Persson B, Sundelin J, Berglund E, Snellman K, Hellström R. Metabolic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 5y after diagnosis. Early detection of patients at risk for poor metabolic control. Acta Paediatrica 1998;87(8):857-64. - PubMed
    1. Forsander G. Family attitudes to different management regimens in diabetes mellitus. Practical Diabetes International 1995;12(2):80-5.
    1. Forsander GA, Sundelin J, Persson B. Influence of the initial management regimen and family social situation on glycemic control and medical care in children with type I diabetes mellitus. Acta Paediatrica 2000;89(12):1462-8. - PubMed
    1. Forsander GA, Sundelin J. Comparison of two therapeutic regimes for diabetes-stricken children. Social and mental resources of the family are often crucial for the prognosis [Två behandlingsregimer vid diabetesdebut hos barn jämförda: Familjens sociala och mentalaresurser avgör ofta prognosen]. Lakartidningen 2001;98(48):5484-9. - PubMed
    1. Sundelin JG, Forsander G, Mattson SE. Family-oriented support at the onset of diabetes mellitus: a comparison of two group conditions during 2 years following diagnosis. Acta Paediatrica 1996;85(1):49-55. - PubMed
Forsander 2003 {published data only}
    1. Forsander G, Malmodin B, Eklund C, Persson B. Relationship between dietary intake in children with diabetes mellitus type I, their management at diagnosis, social factors, anthropometry and glycaemic control. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Naringsforskning 2003;47(2):75-84.
Garbutt 2010 {published data only}
    1. Garbutt JM, Banister C, Highstein G, Sterkel R, Epstein J, Bruns J, et al. Telephone coaching for parents of children with asthma: impact and lessons learned. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2010;164(7):625-30. - PubMed
Gerber 2010 {published data only}
    1. Gerber W, Petermann F, Gerber-von Müller G, Dollwet M, Darabaneanu S, Niederberger U, et al. MIPAS-family-evaluation of a new multi-modal behavioral training program for pediatric headaches: clinical effects and the impact on quality of life. Journal of Headache Pain 2010;11(3):215-25. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gerber WD, Muller GG, Petermann U, Niederberger U, Petermann F. Do behavioral medicine approaches have an effect on the quality of life and everyday competence of children suffering from chronic headaches? [Verbessern verhaltensmedizinische behandlungsstrategien die lebens-qualitat bei kindern mit chronischen kopfschmerzen?]. Zeitschrift fur Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie 2009;38(4):231-9.
    1. Gerber WD, Petermann F, Müller G, Niederberger U, Rentmeister B, Siniatchkin M, et al. MIPAS-family: development and evaluation of a behavioural medicine programme for the treatment of chronic paediatric headaches. Verhaltenstherapie 2008;18(4):247-55.
Giallo 2008 {published data only}
    1. Giallo R, Gavidia-Payne S. Evaluation of a family-based intervention for siblings of children with a disability or chronic illness. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health 2008;7(2):1-13.
Glang 2007 {published data only}
    1. Glang A, McLaughlin K, Schroeder, S. Using interactive multimedia to teach parent advocacy skills: an exploratory study. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2007;22(3):196-203. - PubMed
Grey 2011 {published data only}
    1. Grey M, Jaser SS, Whittemore R, Jeon S, Lindemann E. Coping skills training for parents of children with type 1 diabetes. Nursing Research 2011;60(3):173-81. - PMC - PubMed
Groß 2013 {published data only}
    1. Groß M, Warschburger P. Chronic abdominal pain: psychosocial strain and treatment-associated changes in coping. Verhaltenstherapie 2013;23:80-9.
    1. Groß M, Warschburger P. Evaluation of a cognitive-behavioural pain management program for children with chronic abdominal pain: a randomized controlled study. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2013;20:434-43. - PubMed
Gulewitsch 2012 {published data only}
    1. Gulewitsch MD, Schauer JS, Hautzinger M, Schlarb AA. Therapy of functional stomach ache in children. Concept, acceptance and first pilot results of a hypnotherapeutic- behavioral brief intervention [Therapie funktioneller Bauchschmerzenbei KindernKonzept, Akzeptanz und erste Pilotergebnisse einer hypnotherapeutisch-behavioralen Kurzintervention]. Der Schmerz 2012;26(2):160-7. - PubMed
Gulewitsch 2013 {published data only}
    1. Gulewitsch MD, Müller J, Hautzinger M, Schlarb AA. Brief hypnotherapeutic-behavioural intervention for functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in childhood: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Pediatrics 2013;172(8):1043-51. - PubMed
Gustafsson 1986 {published data only}
    1. Gustafsson PA, Kjellman M, Cederblad M. Family therapy in the treatment of severe childhood asthma. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1986;30(3):369-74. - PubMed
Halterman 2014 {published data only}
    1. Halterman JS, Fagno M, Tremblay PJ, Fisher SG, Wang H, Rand C, et al. Prompting asthma intervention in Rochester–uniting parents and providers (PAIR-UP) a randomized trial. JAMA 2014;168(10):10. [DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1983] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Harris 2001 {published data only}
    1. Harris MA, Greco P, Wysocki T, White TH. Family therapy with adolescents with diabetes: a litmus test for clinically meaningful change. Families, Systems & Health 2001;19:159-68.
Haus 1976 {published data only}
    1. Haus BF, Thompson S. The effect of nursing intervention on a program of behavior modification by parents in the home. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Services 1976;14(8):9-16. - PubMed
Hernandez 1998 {published data only}
    1. Hernandez NE, Kolb S. Effects of relaxation on anxiety in primary caregivers of chronically ill children. Pediatric Nursing 1998;24(1):51-6. - PubMed
Hicks 2006 {published data only}
    1. Hicks CL, Von Baeyer CL, McGrath PJ. Online psychological treatment for pediatric recurrent pain: a randomized evaluation. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006;31(7):724-36. - PubMed
Hommel 2012 {published data only}
    1. Hommel KA, Hente EA, Odell S, Herzer M, Ingerski LM, Guilfoyle SM, et al. Evaluation of a group-based behavioral intervention to promote adherence in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2012;24(1):64-9. - PMC - PubMed
Hovell 1994 {published data only}
    1. Hovell MF, Meltzer SB, Zakarian JM, Wahlgren DR, Emerson JA, Hofstetter CR, et al. Reduction of environmental tobacco smoke exposure among asthmatic children: a controlled trial. Chest 1994;106(2):440-6. - PubMed
Humphreys 2000 {published data only}
    1. Humphreys PA, Gevirtz RN. Treatment of recurrent abdominal pain: components analysis of 4 treatment protocols. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2000;31(1):47-51. - PubMed
Ireys 1996 {published data only}
    1. Ireys HT, Sills EM, Kolodner KB, Walsh BB. A social support intervention for parents of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: results of a randomized trial. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1996;21(5):633-41. - PubMed
Ireys 2001 {published data only}
    1. Ireys HT, Chernoff R, DeVet KA, Kim Y. Maternal outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of a community-based support program for families of children with chronic illnesses. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2001;155(7):771-7. - PubMed
Jay 1990 {published data only}
    1. Jay SM, Elliott CH. A stress inoculation program for parents whose children are undergoing painful medical procedures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1990;58(6):799-804. - PubMed
Johnson 1987 {published data only}
    1. Johnson MR, Whitt JK, Martin B. The effect of fantasy facilitation of anxiety in chronically ill and healthy children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1987;12(2):273-84. - PubMed
Kamps 2008 {published data only}
    1. Kamps JL, Rapoff MA, Roberts MC, Varela RE, Barnard M, Olson N. Improving adherence to inhaled corticosteroids in children with asthma: a pilot of a randomized clinical trial. Children's Health Care 2008;37(4):261-77.
Kashikar‐Zuck 2005 {published data only}
    1. Kashikar-Zuck S, Swain N, Jones BA, Graham TB. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral intervention for juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome. Journal of Rheumatology 2005;32(8):1594-602. - PubMed
Kaslow 2000 {published data only}
    1. Kaslow NJ, Collins MH, Rashid FL, Baskin ML, Griffith JR, Hollins L, et al. The efficacy of a pilot family psychoeducational intervention for pediatric sickle cell disease. Families, Systems, & Health 2000;18(4):381-404.
Katz 2014 {published data only}
    1. Katz ML, Volkening LK, Butler DA, Anderson BJ, Laffel LM. Family-based psychoeducation and care ambassador intervention to improve glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: a randomized trial. Pediatric Diabetes 2014;15(2):142-50. - PMC - PubMed
Kazak 1996 {published data only}
    1. Kazak AE, Penati B, Boyer BA, Himelstein B, Brophy P, Waibel K, et al. A randomized controlled prospective outcome study of a psychological and pharmacological intervention protocol for procedural distress in pediatric leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1996;21(5):615-31. - PubMed
Kazak 2005 {published data only}
    1. Kazak AE, Simms S, Alderfer MA, Rourke MT, Crump T, McClure K, et al. Feasibility and preliminary outcomes from a pilot study of a brief psychological intervention for families of children newly diagnosed with cancer. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2005;30(8):644-55. - PubMed
Ketchen 2006 {published data only}
    1. Ketchen B, Hazzard A, Lassiter S, Barber N, Armistead L, Mentz R, et al. STARBRIGHT world: a pilot study of a home-based sickle cell psychoeducational intervention. Children's Health Care 2006;35(4):321-38.
Klinnert 2005 {published data only}
    1. Klinnert MD, Liu AH, Pearson MR, Ellison M, Budhiraja N, Robinson JL. Short-term impact of a randomized multifaceted intervention for wheezing infants in low-income families. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine 2005;159(1):75-82. - PubMed
Klinnert 2007 {published data only}
    1. Klinnert MD, Liu AH, Pearson MR, Tong S, Strand M, Luckow A, et al. Outcome of a randomized multifaceted intervention with low-income families of wheezing infants. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2007;161(8):783-90. - PubMed
Kroner‐Herwig 1998 {published data only}
    1. Kroner-Herwig B, Mohn U, Pothmann R. Comparison of biofeedback and relaxation in the treatment of pediatric headache and the influence of parent involvement on outcome. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 1998;23(3):143-57. - PubMed
Kupfer 2010 {published data only}
    1. Kupfer J, Gieler U, Diepgen TL, Fartasch M, Lob-Corzilius T, Ring J, et al. Structured education program improves the coping with atopic dermatitis in children and their parents - a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 2010;68(4):353-8. - PubMed
Kurowski 2013 {published data only}
    1. Kurowski BG, Wade SL, Kirkwood MW, Brown TM, Stancin T, Taylor G. Online problem-solving therapy for executive dysfunction after child traumatic brain injury. Pediatrics 2013;132(1):158-65. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kurowski BG, Wade SL, Kirkwood MW, Brown TM, Stancin T, Taylor HG. Long-term benefits of an early online problem solving intervention for executive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in children. JAMA Pediatrics 2014;168(6):523-31. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wade SL, Karver CL, Taylor GH, Cassedy A, Stancin T, Kirkwood MW, et al. Counselor-assisted problem solving improves caregiver efficacy following adolescent brain injury. Rehabilitation Psychology 2014;59(1):1-9. - PMC - PubMed
Lasecki 2008 {published data only}
    1. Lasecki K, Olympia D, Clark E, Jenson W, Heathfield LT. Using behavioral interventions to assist children with type 1 diabetes manage blood glucose levels. School Psychology Quarterly 2008;23(3):389-406.
Lask 1979 {published data only}
    1. Lask B, Matthew D. Childhood asthma. A controlled trial of family psychotherapy. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1979;54(2):116-9. - PMC - PubMed
Lehmkuhl 2010 {published data only}
    1. Lehmkuhl HD, Storch EA, Cammarata C, Meyer K, Rahman O, Silverstein J, et al. Telehealth behavior therapy for the management of type 1 diabetes in adolescents. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 2010;4(1):199-208. - PMC - PubMed
Logan 1997 {published data only}
    1. Logan S. Emotionally focused therapy improves marital adjustment in parents of children with chronically ill children. Child: Care, Health and Development 1997;23(6):479-80. - PubMed
Lyon 2013 {published data only}
    1. Lyon ME, Jacobs S, Briggs L, Cheng YI, Wang J. A longitudinal, randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning for teens with cancer: anxiety, depression, quality of life, advance directives, spirituality. Journal of Adolescent Health 2014;54(6):710-7. - PubMed
    1. Lyon ME, Jacobs S, Briggs L, Cheng YI, Wang J. Family-centered advance care planning for teens with cancer. JAMA Pediatrics 2013;167(5):460-7. - PubMed
Manne 2016 {published data only}
    1. Manne S, Mee L, Bartell A, Sands S, Kashy DA. A randomized clinical trial of a parent-focused social-cognitive processing intervention for caregivers of children undergoing hematopoetic stem cell transplantation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2016;84(5):389-401. - PMC - PubMed
Marsland 2013 {published data only}
    1. Marsland AL, Long KA, Howe C, Thompson, AL, Tersak J, Ewing LW. A pilot trial of a stress management intervention for primary caregivers of children newly diagnosed with cancer: preliminary evidence that perceived social support moderates the psychosocial benefit of intervention. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2013;38(4):449-61. - PMC - PubMed
Mendez 1997 {published data only}
    1. Mendez FJ, Belendez M. Effects of a behavioral intervention on treatment adherence and stress management in adolescents with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1997;20(9):1370-5. - PubMed
Mortenson 2016 {published data only}
    1. Mortenson P, Singhal A, Hengel AR, Purtzki J. Impact of early follow-up intervention on parent-reported postconcussion pediatric symptoms: a feasibility study. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2016;31(6):E23-32. - PubMed
Mowla 2017 {published data only}
    1. Mowla F, Khanjari S, Inanlou M. Contribution of Benson’s relaxation technique and brief psycho-educational intervention on quality of life of primary caregivers of Iranian children with chronic diseases. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2017;35:65-71. - PubMed
Mullins 2012 {published data only}
    1. Mullins LL, Fedele DA, Chaffin M, Hullmann SE, Kenner C, Eddington AR, et al. A clinic-based interdisciplinary intervention for mothers of children newly diagnosed with cancer: a pilot study. Journal of Pediatric Pscyhology 2012;37(10):1104-15. - PMC - PubMed
Murphy 2012 {published data only}
    1. Murphy HR, Wadham C, Hassler-Hurst J, Rayman G, Skinner TC. Randomized trial of a diabetes self-management education and family teamwork intervention in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 2012;29(8):249-53. - PubMed
Nelson 2011 {published data only}
    1. Nelson KA, Highstein GR, Garbutt J, Trinkaus K, Fisher E, Smith SR, et al. A randomized controlled trial of parental asthma coaching to improve outcomes among urban minority children. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine 2011;165(6):520-6. - PMC - PubMed
Ng 2008 {published data only}
    1. Ng SM, Li AM, Lou VW, Tso IF, Wan PY, Chan DF. Incorporating family therapy into asthma group intervention: a randomized waitlist-controlled trial. Family Process 2008;47(1):115-30. - PubMed
Niebel 2000 {published data only}
    1. Niebel G, Kallweit C, Lange I, Fölster-Holst R. Direct versus video-aided parent education in atopic eczema in childhood as a supplement to specialty physician treatment. A controlled pilot study [Direkte versus videover-mittelte elternschulung bei atopishchem ekzem in kinderslater als erganzung facharztlicher behandlung: eine kontrollierte pilotstudie]. Hautarzt 2000;51(6):401-11. - PubMed
Olivares 1997 {published data only}
    1. Olivares J, Mendez FX, Ros M, Bermejo RM. Effects of a training program for parents with diabetic children with obstacles to comply with therapy [El cuidado de la diabetes mellitus insulino-dependiente: Efectos de un programa de modificacion de conducta en padres]. Psicologia Conductual 1997;5(2):219-35.
Pérez 1999 {published data only}
    1. Pérez MG, Feldman L, Caballero F. Effects of a self-management educational program for the control of childhood asthma. Patient Education and Counseling 1999;36(1):47-55. - PubMed
Rapoff 2014 {published data only}
    1. Rapoff MA, Connelly M, Bickel JL, Powers SW, Hershey AD, Allen JR, et al. Headstrong intervention for pediatric migraine headache: a randomized clinical trial. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2014;15(12):12. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-12] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Rasoli 2008 {published data only}
    1. Rasoli R, Etemadi A, Shafidabadi A, Delavar A. Comparing effectiveness of individual and marital emotionally focused intervention based on decreasing relationship distress of couples with chronically ill children. Journal of Family Research 2008;3(3):683-96.
Rice 2015 {published data only}
    1. Rice JL, Matlack KM, Simmons MD, Steinfeld J, Laws MA, Dovey ME. LEAP: a randomized–controlled trial of a lay-educator inpatient asthma education program. Patient Education and Counseling 2015;98:1585-91. - PubMed
Sanders 1989 {published data only}
    1. Sanders MR, Rebgetz M, Morrison M, Bor W, Gordon A, Dadds M, et al. Cognitive-behavioral treatment of recurrent nonspecific abdominal pain in children: an analysis of generalization, maintenance, and side effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1989;57(2):294-300. - PubMed
Sanders 1996 {published data only}
    1. Sanders MR, Cleghorn G, Shepherd RW, Patrick M. Predictors of clinical improvement in children with recurrent abdominal pain. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 1996;24:27-38.
Saßman 2012 {published data only}
    1. Saßmann H, Hair M, Danne T, Lange K. Reducing stress and supporting positive relations in families of young children with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled study for evaluating the effects of the DELFIN parenting program. BMC Pediatrics 2012;12(152):2-11. - PMC - PubMed
Satin 1989 {published data only}
    1. Satin W, La Greca AM, Zigo MA, Skyler JS. Diabetes in adolescence: effects of multifamily group intervention and parent simulation of diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1989;14(2):259-75. - PubMed
Scholten 2011 {published data only}
    1. Scholten L, Willemen AM, Grootenhuis MA, Maurice-Stam H, Schuengel C, Last BF. A cognitive behavioral based group intervention for children with a chronic illness and their parents: a multicentre randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatrics 2011;11(65):1-8. - PMC - PubMed
Scholten 2015 {published data only}
    1. Scholten L, Willemen AM, Napoleone E, Maurice-Stam H, Last BF, Van Dijk-Lokkart EM, et al. Moderators of the efficacy of a psychosocial group intervention for children with chronic illness and their parents: what works for whom? Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2015;40(2):214-27. - PubMed
Shekarabi‐Ahari 2012 {published data only}
    1. Shekarabi‐Ahari G, Younesi J, Borjali A, Ansari‐Damavandi S. The effectiveness of group hope therapy on hope and depression of mothers with children suffering from cancer in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012;5(4):183-8. - PMC - PubMed
Sieberg 2011 {published data only}
    1. Sieberg CB, Flannery-Schroeder E, Plante W. Children with co-morbid recurrent abdominal pain and anxiety disorders: results from a multiple-baseline intervention study. Journal of Child Health Care 2011;15(2):126-39. - PubMed
Staab 2002 {published data only}
    1. Staab D, Van Rueden U, Kehrt R, Erhart M, Wenninger K, Kamtsiuris P, et al. Evaluation of a parental training program for the management of childhood atopic dermatitis. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2002;13(2):84-90. - PubMed
Sullivan‐Bolyai 2010 {published data only}
    1. Sullivan-Bolyai S, Bova C, Leung K, Trudeau A, Lee M, Gruppuso P. Social support to empower parents (STEP): an intervention for parents of young children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Educator 2010;36(1):88-97. - PubMed
Sullivan‐Bolyai 2015 {published data only}
    1. Sullivan-Bolyai S, Crawford S, Bova C, Lee M, Quintos JB, Johnson K, et al. PETS-D: impact on diabetes management outcomes. Diabetes Educator 2015;41(5):537-49. - PubMed
Szczepanski 2010 {published data only}
    1. Szczepanski R, Jaeschke R, Spindler T, Ihorst G, Forster J, ASEV Study Group. Preschoolers' and parents' asthma education trial (P2AET) - a randomized controlled study. European Journal of Pediatrics 2010;169(9):1051-60. - PubMed
Szigethy 2014 {published data only}
    1. Szigethy E, Bujoreanu SI, Youk AO, Weisz J, Benhayon D, Fairclough D. Randomized efficacy trial of two psychotherapies for depression in youth with inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of the American Acadamy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2014;53(7):726-35. - PMC - PubMed
Tsiouli 2014 {published data only}
    1. Tsiouli E, Pavlopoulos V, Alexopoulos EC, Chrousos G, Darviri C. Short-term impact of a stress management and health promotion program on perceived stress, parental stress, health locus of control and cortisol levels in parents of children and adolescents with diabetes type 1: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Explore 2014;10(2):88-98. - PubMed
Van der Veek 2013 {published data only}
    1. Van der Veek SMC, Derkx BHF, Benninga MA, Boer F, De Haan E. Cognitive behaviour therapy for pediatric functional abdominal pain: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 2013;132(5):1163-72. - PubMed
Van Dijk‐Lokkart 2016 {published data only}
    1. Van Dijk-Lokkart EM, Braam KI, Van Dulmen-den Broeder E, Kaspers GJL, Takken T, Grootenhuis MA, et al. Effects of a combined physical and psychosocial intervention program for childhood cancer patients on quality of life and psychosocial functioning: results of the QLIM randomized clinical trial. Psycho-oncology 2016;25:815-22. - PubMed
Wade 2006b {published data only}
    1. Wade SL, Michaud L, Brown TM. Putting the pieces together: preliminary efficacy of a family problem-solving intervention for children with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2006;21(1):59-67. - PubMed
Wade 2010 {published data only}
    1. Wade SL, Walz NC, Carey J, Williams KM, Cass J, Herren L, et al. A randomized trial of teen online problem solving for improving executive function deficits following pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2010;25(6):409-15. - PubMed
Wade 2011 {published data only}
    1. Wade SL, Walz NC, Carey J, McMullen KM, Cass J, Mark E, et al. A randomized trial of teen online problem solving: efficacy in improving caregiver outcomes after brain injury. Health Psychology 2012;31(6):767-76. - PubMed
    1. Wade SL, Walz NC, Carey J, McMullen KM, Cass J, Mark E, et al. Effect on behavior problems of teen online problem-solving for adolescent traumatic brain injury. Pediatrics 2011;128(4):e947-53. - PMC - PubMed
Walders 2006 {published data only}
    1. Walders N, Kercsmar C, Schluchter M, Redline S, Lester Kirchner H, Drotar D. An interdisciplinary intervention for undertreated pediatric asthma. Chest 2006;129(2):292-9. - PubMed
Walker 1996 {published data only}
    1. Walker JG, Johnson S, Manion I, Cloutier P. Emotionally focused marital intervention for couples with chronically ill children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1996;64(5):1029-36. - PubMed
Warner 2011 {published data only}
    1. Warner CM, Ludwig K, Sweeney C, Spillane C, Hogan L, Ryan J, et al. Treating persistent distress and anxiety in parents of children with cancer: an initial feasibility trial. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 2011;28(4):224-30. - PubMed
Wysocki 1997 {published data only}
    1. Wysocki T, McDonell K, Harris MA, Elder Danda CL, Greco P, Bubb J, et al. Social validity of support group and behavior therapy interventions for families of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1997;22(5):635-49. - PubMed

Additional references

American Psychological Association 2011
    1. American Psychological Association. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2011.
Anie 2012
    1. Anie KA, Green J. Psychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 2. Art. No: CD001916. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001916.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
Armour 2005
    1. Armour TA, Norris SL, Jack Jr L, Zhang X, Fisher L. The effectiveness of family interventions in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetic Medicine 2005;22(10):1295-305. - PubMed
Bandura 1977
    1. Bandura A. Social Learning Theory. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1977.
Beck 1979
    1. Beck AR, Rush AJ, Shaw B, Emery G. Cognitive Therapy of Depression. New York: Guilford Press, 1979.
Bergin1975
    1. Bergin AE, Suinn RM. Individual psychotherapy and behavior therapy. Annual Review of Psychology 1975;26:509-56. - PubMed
Bowen 1966
    1. Bowen, MDM. The use of family theory in clinical practice. Comprehensive Psychiatry 1966;7(5):345-74. - PubMed
Bronfenbrenner 1979
    1. Bronfenbreener U. The ecology of human development: experiments and design and nature. Massachusetts: Harvard University, 1979.
Brown 2013
    1. Brown FL, Whittingham K, Boyd R, Sofronoff K. A systematic review of parenting interventions for traumatic brain injury: child and parent outcomes. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2013;28(5):349-60. - PubMed
Cancer Research UK 2018
    1. Cancer Research UK . Childhood cancer key stats. www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/childrens... (acessed 16 October 2018).
Cohen 1988
    1. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum, 1988.
Committee on Publication Ethics 2011
    1. Committee on Publication Ethics. Code of conduct and best practice guidelines for journal editors. publicationethics.org/ (accessed 22 March 2012).
Cousino 2013
    1. Cousino MK, Hazen RA. Parenting stress among caregivers of children with chronic illness: a systematic review. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2013;38(8):809-28. - PubMed
D'Zurilla 1971
    1. D'Zurilla TJ, Goldfried MR. Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1971;78(1):107-26. - PubMed
D'Zurilla 1982
    1. D'Zurilla TJ, Nezu AM. Social problem solving in adults. In: Kendall PC, editors(s). Advances in Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Therapy. New York: Academic Press, 1982:202-74.
D'Zurilla 1999
    1. D'Zurilla TJ, Nezu AM. Problem-Solving Therapy: A Social Competence Approach to Clinical Intervention. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1999.
D'Zurilla 2007
    1. D'Zurilla TJ, Nezu AM. Problem-Solving Therapy. A Positive Approach to Clinical Intervention. New York: Springer, 2007.
Data Resource Center 2010
    1. Data Resource Center. National survey of children with special health care needs: current health conditions and functional difficulties. childhealthdata.org/docs/cshcn/conditions-difficulties-09cshcn_feb-2-201... (accessed 5 April 2015).
Deeks 2017
    1. Deeks JJ, Higgins JPT, Altman DG (editors) on behalf of the Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017), Cochrane, 2017. Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
Delamater 2014
    1. Delamater AM, Wit M, McDarby V, Malik J, Acerini CL. Psychological care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes 2014;15:232-44. - PubMed
Drotar 2010
    1. Drotar D. Editorial: Guidance for submission and review of multiple publications derived from the same study. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2010;35(3):225-30.
Ersser 2014
    1. Ersser SJ, Cowdell F, Latter S, Gardiner E, Flohr C, Thompson AR, et al. Psychological and educational interventions for atopic eczema in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 1. Art. No: CD004054. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004054.pub3] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Fisher 2014
    1. Fisher E, Heathcote L, Palermo TM, Williams AC, Lau J, Eccleston C. Systematic review and meta-analysis: psychological therapies for children with chronic pain. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2014;39(8):1-20. - PMC - PubMed
Fisher 2018
    1. Fisher E, Law E, Dudeney J, Palermo TM, Steward G, Eccleston C. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 9. Art. No: CD003968. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003968.pub5] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Gayes 2014
    1. Gayes LA, Steele RC. A meta-analysis of motivational interviewing interventions for pediatric health behavior change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2014;82(3):521-35. - PubMed
Haley 1976
    1. Haley J. Problem Solving Therapy. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1976.
Halfon 2010
    1. Halfon N, Newackeck PW. Evolving notions of childhood chronic illness. JAMA 2010;303(7):665-6. - PubMed
Han 2010
    1. Han JC, Lawlor DA, Kimm SY. Childhood obesity. Lancet 2010;375(9727):1737-48. - PMC - PubMed
Henggeler 2003
    1. Henggeler SW, Lee T. Multisystemic treatment of serious clinical problems. In: Kazdin E, Weisz JR, editors(s). Evidence-Based Psychotherapies for Children and Adolescents. New York: Guilford Press, 2003:301-24.
Higgins 2011a
    1. Higgins JP, Deeks JJ, Altman DG (editors). Chapter 16: Special topics in statistics. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
Higgins 2011b
    1. Higgins JP, Deeks JJ (editors). Chapter 7: Selecting studies and collecting data. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
Higgins 2017
    1. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Sterne JA (editors). Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017), Cochrane, 2017. Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
Law 2014
    1. Law EF, Fisher E, Fales J, Noel M, Eccleston C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of parent and family-based interventions for children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2014;39(8):866-86. - PMC - PubMed
Leeman 2016
    1. Leeman J, Crandell JL, Lee A, Bai J, Sandelowski M, Knafl K. Family functioning and the well-being of children with chronic conditions: a meta-analysis. Research in Nursing & Health 2016;39:229-43. - PubMed
Lefebvre 2011
    1. Lefebvre C, Manheimer E, Glanville J. Chapter 6: Searching for studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
Liu 2015
    1. Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Perin J, Rudan I, Lawn JE, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000–13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis. Lancet 2015;385(9966):430-40. - PubMed
McBroom 2009
    1. McBroom LA, Enriquez M. Review of family-centered interventions to enhance the health outcomes of children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Educator 2009;35(3):428-38. - PubMed
Miller 1983
    1. Miller WR. Motivational interviewing with problem drinkers. Behavioural Psychotherapy 1983;11:147-72.
Miller 2013
    1. Miller WM, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change. 3 edition. New York: The Guilford Press, 2013.
Minuchin 1974
    1. Minuchin S. Families & Family Therapy. Massachusetts: Harvard University, 1974.
Morawska 2015
    1. Morawska A, Calam R, Fraser J. Parenting interventions for childhood chronic illness: a review and recommendations for intervention design and delivery. Journal of Child Health Care 2015;19(1):5-17. - PubMed
National Cancer Institute 2018
    1. National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Cancer in children and adolescents. www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/child-adolescent-cancers-fact-she... (accessed 16 October 2018).
Nature 2009
    1. Nature Editorial. Data's shameful neglect. Nature 2009;461(7261):145. - PubMed
Pai 2006
    1. Pai AL, Drotar D, Zebracki K, Moore M, Youngstorm E. A meta-analysis of the effects of psychological interventions in pediatric oncology on outcomes of psychological distress and adjustment. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006;31(9):978-88. - PubMed
Pai 2014
    1. Pai A, McGrady M. Systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to promote treatment adherence in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic illness. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2014;39(8):918-31. - PMC - PubMed
Palermo 2014
    1. Palermo TM, Valrie CR, Karlson CW. Family and parent influences on pediatric chronic pain: a developmental perspective. American Psychologist 2014;69(2):142-52. - PMC - PubMed
Pinquart 2013
    1. Pinquart M. Do the parent–child relationship and parenting behaviors differ between families with a child with and without chronic illness? A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2013;38(7):708-21. - PubMed
Popkin 2012
    1. Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng SW. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutrition Reviews 2012;70(4):256. - PMC - PubMed
Price 2016
    1. Price J, Kassam-Adams N, Alderfer MA, Christofferson J, Kazak AE. Systematic review: a reevaluation and update of the integrative (trajectory) model of pediatric medical traumatic stress. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2016;41(1):86-97. - PubMed
Review Manager 2014 [Computer program]
    1. Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5). Version 5.3. Copenhagen: Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014.
Robin 1989
    1. Robin AL, Foster SL. Negotiating Parent Adolescent Conflict: A Behavioral-Family Systems Approach. New York: Guilford, 1989.
Rutten 2015
    1. Rutten J, Korterink JJ, Venmans L, Benninga MA, Tabbers MM. Nonpharmacologic treatment of functional abdominal pain disorders: a systematic review. Pediatrics 2015;135(3):522. - PubMed
Sansom‐Daly 2012
    1. Sansom-Daly UM, Peate M, Wakefield CE, Bryant RA, Cohn RJ. A systematic review of psychological interventions for adolescents and young adults living with chronic illness. Health Psychology 2012;31(3):380-93. [DOI: 10.1037/a0025977] - DOI - PubMed
Schulz 2010
    1. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, for the CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ 2010;340:698-702.
Schünemann 2011
    1. Schünemann HJ, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Higgins JP, Deeks JJ, Glasziou P, et al. Chapter 12: Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
Schünemann 2017
    1. Schünemann HJ, Oxman AD, Higgins JP, Vist GE, Glasziou P, Akl E, et al, on behalf of the Cochrane GRADEing Methods Group and the Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. Chapter 11: Completing ‘Summary of findings’ tables and grading the confidence in or quality of the evidence. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017). Cochrane, 2017. Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
Skinner 1953
    1. Skinner BF. Chapter 5: Operant behavior. In: Science and Human Behaviour. Toronto: The Macmillan Company, 1953.
Sterne 2017
    1. Sterne JA, Egger M, Moher D, Boutron I (editors). Chapter 10: Addressing reporting biases. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017), Cochrane, 2017. Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
Sultan 2016
    1. Sultan S, Leclair L, Rondeau E, Burns W, Abate C. A systematic review on factors and consequences of parental distress as related to childhood cancer. European Journal of Cancer Care 2016;25:616-37. - PMC - PubMed
Van Cleave 2010
    1. Van Cleave J, Gortmaker SL, Perrin JM. Dynamics of obesity and chronic health conditions among children and youth. JAMA 2010;303(7):623-30. - PubMed
Wicherts 2006
    1. Wicherts JM, Borsboom D, Kats J, Molenaar D. The poor availability of psychological research data for reanalysis. American Psychologist 2006;61(7):726-8. - PubMed
Wicherts 2011
    1. Wicherts JM, Bakker M, Molenaar D. Willingness to share research data is related to the strength of the evidence and quality of reporting of statistical results. PLoS ONE 2011;6(11):e26828. - PMC - PubMed
Wiebe 2016
    1. Weibe DJ, Helgeson V, Berg CA. The social context of managing diabetes across the life span. American Psychologist 2016;71(7):526-38. - PMC - PubMed
World Association of Medical Editors 2012
    1. World Association of Medical Editors. Publication ethics policies for medical journals. www.wame.org (accessed 22 March 2012).
Wysocki 2000
    1. Wysocki T, Harris MA, Greco P, Bubb J, Danda CE, Harvey LM, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of behavior therapy for families of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2000;25(1):23-33. - PubMed
Yates 2005
    1. Yates SL, Morley S, Eccleston C, Williams A. A scale for rating the quality of psychological trials for pain. Pain 2005;117(3):314-25. - PubMed

References to other published versions of this review

Eccleston 2012a
    1. Eccleston C, Palermo TM, Fisher E, Law E. Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 2. Art. No: CD009660. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009660] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Eccleston 2012b
    1. Eccleston C, Palermo TM, Fisher E, Law E. Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 8. Art. No: CD009660. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009660.pub2] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Eccleston 2015
    1. Eccleston C, Fisher E, Law E, Bartlett J, Palermo TM. Psychological interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic illness. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 4. Art. No: CD009660. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009660.pub3] - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types