Local in situ fibrinolysis for recanalization of an occluded extracranial-intracranial bypass: Technical note

Abstract

Extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass is a versatile technique to augment or preserve blood flow when treating cerebrovascular pathologies to prevent ischemic complications. Technical success and good patient outcomes rely on the successful establishment and maintenance of a patent bypass graft. Multiple modalities have been developed to confirm intraoperative graft patency. However, techniques and strategies to manage an occluded bypass are sparsely reported. The authors describe a novel technique for the in situ fibrinolysis utilizing recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) to recanalize an occluded EC-IC bypass following thrombus formation. This technique is feasible and effective in restoring long term EC-IC graft patency without requirement of additional vessel harvest or added ischemia time which may be tailored for use with other pharmacologic agents based on the acuity of an in-graft thrombosis.

Keywords: Extracranial-intracranial bypass; Recanalization; Thrombolysis; Tissue plasminogen activator.