Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA.
• ² Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
• ³ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
• ⁴ Bird Studies Canada, Port Rowan, Ontario, NOE 1M0, Canada.
• ⁵ Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, 169 Titanium Way, Whitehorse, Yukon, Y1A 0E9, Canada.
• ⁶ Denali National Park and Preserve, PO Box 9, Denali Park, Alaska, 99755, USA.
• ⁷ National Park Service, 4175 Geist Road, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99709, USA.
• ⁸ Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, Maine, 04103, USA.
• ⁹ 778 Schwartz Valley Road, Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania, 17972, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6, Canada.