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. 2016 Mar;11(1):17-22.
doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2014.02.001. Epub 2014 May 14.

Influence of fixed orthodontic appliances on the change in oral Candida strains among adolescents

Yan Zheng  1 , Zhenya Li  2 , Xiangyi He  1
Affiliations

Influence of fixed orthodontic appliances on the change in oral Candida strains among adolescents

Yan Zheng et al. J Dent Sci. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Background/purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the presence and variability of oral Candida in adolescents before and during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials and methods: A total of 50 patients aged 10-18 years old were randomly selected for this study. Microorganism samples were obtained prior to and after orthodontic treatment and identified by culture methods. Molecular biology techniques were used to investigate the samples further and the effect of the orthodontic appliance on oral pathogenic yeasts was studied longitudinally.

Results: The percentage of patients with candidiasis and the total number of colony-forming units significantly increased 2 months after orthodontic treatment. Changes in the type of oral candidiasis prior to and after treatment were significant.

Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic appliances can influence the growth of oral pathogenic yeasts among adolescents.

Keywords: adolescents; fixed orthodontic appliances; oral Candida.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Results obtained after 48 hours of culture of clinical samples. Different kinds of Candida appear as different colors. Scale 10 mm/square. (A) Candida albicans (green, light green). (B) Candida troplicalis (green, dark green). (C) Candida glabrata (purple; left, lamplight; right, natural light). (D) Unknown yeasts (white). (E) Fixed yeasts: C. glabrata (purple), C. albicans (green), Candida krusei (pink).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Identification of Candida albicans by polymerase chain reaction. Compared with ATCC90028 C. albicans, the clinical culture samples which appeared green are all C. albicans. At the same time, ATCC6258 Candida dubliniensis, which has a similar gene type to C. albicans had also been detected by polymerase chain reaction, the results confirmed that there are no C. dubliniensis in the clinical samples. (A) 1 = Marker; 2 = ATCC90028 C. albicans; 3, 7 = ATCC6258 C. dubliniensis; and 4–6 = clinical samples. (B) 1 = Marker; 2–4 = three colonies of patient A; 5–7 = three colonies of patient B; 8–9 = two colonies of patient C; 10 = one colony of patient D; and 11 = ATCC90028 C. albicans.
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