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. 2019 Mar 20;55(3):74.
doi: 10.3390/medicina55030074.

Epidemiological Survey and Retrospective Analysis of Salmonella Infections between 2000 and 2017 in Warmia and Masuria Voivodship in Poland

Paula Dmochowska  1 , Maria Spyczak von Brzezinski  2 , Jacek Żelazowski  3 , Joanna Wojtkiewicz  4 , Susanne Jung  5 , Joanna M Harazny  6   7
Affiliations

Epidemiological Survey and Retrospective Analysis of Salmonella Infections between 2000 and 2017 in Warmia and Masuria Voivodship in Poland

Paula Dmochowska et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Salmonellosis is a major foodborne bacterial infection throughout the world. Epidemiological surveillance is one of the key factors to reduce the number of infections caused by this pathogen in both humans and animals. The first outcome measure was the prevalence of non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) infections between 2000 and 2017 among the population of the predominantly agricultural and touristic Polish region of Warmia and Masuria (WaM). The second outcome measure was the comparison of the NTS hospitalization rate of all registered NTS cases, an investigation of the monthly reports of infections, and the exploration of the annual minimal and maximal NTS infection number in WaM in the above-mentioned time period. The last outcome was a comparison of the prevalence of NTS infections in the region and in its administrative districts by considering both rural and urban municipalities three years before and three years after the accession of Poland into the European Union (EU) in 2004. Materials and Methods: The total number of infections and hospitalizations in the 19 districts of the WaM voivodship in Poland was registered monthly between 2000⁻2017 by the Provincial Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Olsztyn, Poland. Results: Between 2000 and 2017, the number of diagnosed salmonellosis cases decreased significantly in WaM; the decrease was higher in urban districts than in rural ones, and the ratio of hospitalizations and the total number of NTS cases increased significantly across all districts. The lowest number of cases was reported in the winter months and was stable from 2007, whereas the highest number was reported in the summer months with a higher tendency of outbreaks. Conclusion: The falling number of salmonellosis cases in 2000⁻2017 in WaM reflects the general trend in Poland and Europe. The decrease of NTS infections in WaM is related to the accession of Poland into the EU.

Keywords: EU; Poland; Salmonella; Warmia and Masuria region; infectious diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) cases per 100,000 inhabitants in WaM and Poland, and total NTS cases (reported, hospitalized, and ambulatory) in WaM from 2000 to 2017.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of monthly reported NTS cases in the studied years (2000–2017). The dotted line in 2004 marks the accession of Poland into the EU.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Minimum number of NTS cases (winter) and maximum number of NTS cases (summer) in WaM based on monthly reports from 2000 to 2017.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of the mean NTS cases per 10,000 inhabitants in the 19 districts of WaM before (averaged from 2000–2002) and after (averaged from 2015–2017) Poland’s accession into the EU.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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