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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 May:100:8-17.
doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.01.013. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for alcohol dependence: Findings from a randomized controlled trial

Aleksandra E Zgierska  1 , Cindy A Burzinski  2 , Marlon P Mundt  3 , Andrew S McClintock  4 , Jennifer Cox  5 , Christopher L Coe  6 , Michael M Miller  7 , Michael F Fleming  8
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for alcohol dependence: Findings from a randomized controlled trial

Aleksandra E Zgierska et al. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2019 May.

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the effects of mindfulness-based relapse prevention for alcohol dependence (MBRP-A) intervention on drinking and related consequences.

Methods: 123 alcohol-dependent adults in early recovery, recruited from outpatient treatment programs, were randomly assigned to MBRP-A (intervention plus usual-care; N = 64) or Control (usual-care-alone; N = 59) group. MBRP-A consisted of eight-weekly sessions and home practice. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 8 weeks and 26 weeks (18 weeks post-intervention), and compared between groups using repeated measures analysis.

Results: Outcome analysis included 112 participants (57 MBRP-A; 55 Control) who provided follow-up data. Participants were 41.0 ± 12.2 years old, 56.2% male, and 91% white. Prior to "quit date," they reported drinking on 59.4 ± 34.8% (averaging 6.1 ± 5.0 drinks/day) and heavy drinking (HD) on 50.4 ± 35.5% of days. Their drinking reduced after the "quit date" (before enrollment) to 0.4 ± 1.7% (HD: 0.1 ± 0.7%) of days. At 26 weeks, the MBRP-A and control groups reported any drinking on 11.5 ± 22.5% and 5.9 ± 11.6% of days and HD on 4.5 ± 9.3% and 3.2 ± 8.7% of days, respectively, without between-group differences (ps ≥ 0.05) in drinking or related consequences during the follow-up period. Three MBRP-A participants reported "relapse," defined as three-consecutive HD days, during the study. Subgroup analysis indicated that greater adherence to session attendance and weekly home practice minutes were associated with improved outcomes.

Conclusions: MBRP-A as an adjunct to usual-care did not show to improve outcomes in alcohol-dependent adults in early recovery compared to usual-care-alone; a return to drinking and relapse to HD were rare in both groups. However, greater adherence to MBRP-A intervention may improve long-term drinking-related outcomes.

Keywords: Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Meditation; Mindfulness; Relapse prevention.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The CONSORT study flow diagram.
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