Comorbidity and mortality after hip fracture in nineteen thousand six hundred and eighty two patients aged eighteen to sixty five years in Denmark from 1996 to 2012

Abstract

Purpose: This nationwide study assessed associations between comorbidity and mortality after hip fracture in young and middle-aged patients.

Methods: Data on 19,682 patients aged 18 to 65 years were extracted from Danish registries out of 154,047 patients who experienced a hip fracture between 1996 and 2012. Mortality and comorbidity were assessed using information on vital status, hospital admissions, and prescriptions.

Results: Of the 19,682 patients 17,722 (90.0%) were middle-aged (40-65 years) and 1960 (10.0%) were young (18-39 years). The 30-day mortality rates were 3.2% (n = 570) and 1.6% (n = 32), respectively. Indicators of multi-trauma (hazard ratio (HR), 3.5 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.6-7.8], n = 2056) and having diabetes (HR, 4.4 [1.2-11.3], n = 59) and heart disease (HR, 4.4[1.3-14.8], n = 57) increased 30-day mortality in the young patients, while having cancer (HR, 5.0 [4.2-5.9], n = 1958) increased 30-day mortality in the middle-aged patients.

Conclusion: Heart disease and diabetes were associated with high mortality in the young patients while having cancer was associated with high mortality in the middle-aged patients.

Keywords: Age; Comorbidity; Diabetes; Heart disease; Hip fracture.