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. 2019 Feb 17:2019:6981865.
doi: 10.1155/2019/6981865. eCollection 2019.

Perchlorate-Reducing Bacteria from Hypersaline Soils of the Colombian Caribbean

Rosa Acevedo-Barrios  1   2 , Angela Bertel-Sevilla  1 , Jose Alonso-Molina  3 , Jesus Olivero-Verbel  1
Affiliations

Perchlorate-Reducing Bacteria from Hypersaline Soils of the Colombian Caribbean

Rosa Acevedo-Barrios et al. Int J Microbiol. .

Abstract

Perchlorate (ClO4 -) has several industrial applications and is frequently detected in environmental matrices at relevant concentrations to human health. Currently, perchlorate-degrading bacteria are promising strategies for bioremediation in polluted sites. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize halophilic bacteria with the potential for perchlorate reduction. Ten bacterial strains were isolated from soils of Galerazamba-Bolivar, Manaure-Guajira, and Salamanca Island-Magdalena, Colombia. Isolates grew at concentrations up to 30% sodium chloride. The isolates tolerated pH variations ranging from 6.5 to 12.0 and perchlorate concentrations up to 10000 mg/L. Perchlorate was degraded by these bacteria on percentages between 25 and 10. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strains were phylogenetically related to Vibrio, Bacillus, Salinovibrio, Staphylococcus, and Nesiotobacter genera. In conclusion, halophilic-isolated bacteria from hypersaline soils of the Colombian Caribbean are promising resources for the bioremediation of perchlorate contamination.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of the Caribbean region of Colombia showing the geographic location of the sampling sites.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Neighbor joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the phylogenetic position of strains BBCOL-024, BBCOL-028, BBCOL-029, and BBCOL-033 compared to the most closely related members of the genus Bacillus. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are listed as percentages at the branching points. Accession numbers are given in parentheses. Bar, 0.01 nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide position.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Neighbor joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the relationships of strain BBCOL-023 and related taxa. Percentage bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are given at branch points. The gammaproteobacterium Vibrio furnissii (X76336) was used as the outgroup. Bar, 0.01 substitutions per nucleotide position.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Neighbor joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the phylogenetic position of strains BBCOL-025, BBCOL-026, BBCOL-027, and BBCOL-031 compared to the most closely related members of the Vibrionaceae family. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are listed as percentages at the branching points. Accession numbers are given in parentheses. Bar, 0.01 nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide position.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Neighbor joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the relationships of strain BBCOL-032 and related taxa. Percentage bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are given at branch points. Bacillus subtilis (AB016721) was used as the outgroup. Bar, 0.01 substitutions per nucleotide position.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cell morphology studied by SEM. Bacteria isolated from hypersaline soils: (a) BBCOL-023; (b) BBCOL-024; (c) BBCOL-025; (e) BBCOL-027; (f) BBCOL-028; (g) BBCOL-029; (h) BBCOL-031; (i) BBCOL-032; (j) BBCOL-033 (SEM at 10000x).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Percentage of KClO4 concentration reduction of bacteria BBCOL-023 to BBCOL-033 from saline environments in the Colombian Caribbean. Effect of the 48 h contact time, optical density at OD 600, and optimal pH (7.0 ± 0.5).
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