Maternal Perception of Self-Efficacy and Involvement in Young Children with Prelingual Hearing Loss

Abstract

Appropriate intervention needs to support families and consider them as a part of rehabilitation program. Parents who have high self-efficacy are more likely to put their knowledge and skills into action and have positive interactions with their children. In addition, there has been a positive relation between parental involvement and child educational success. The aim of present study was evaluating maternal perception of both self-efficacy and involvement between mothers of children with hearing aid and cochlear implant via Scale of Parental Involvement and Self Efficacy (SPISE) and exploring relationship between maternal self-efficacy and parental involvement and child factors. 100 mothers of children with hearing loss were available. 49 mothers participated in study, filled SPISE, and return it on time. SPISE consisted of three sections (1) demographic information, (2) maternal self-efficacy, (3) parental involvement. All cases had received at least 6 months auditory training and speech therapy. Participants included 30 (61.2%) mothers of children with hearing aid, 19 (38.8%) mothers of children with cochlear implant. ANOVA analysis showed that there is no significant difference between hearing aid (HA) and cochlear implant (CI) groups in term of self-efficacy and parent-involvement except for question 21 (comfortable in participating in individualized program) that score in HA group was significantly higher than CI group. Results of present study has practical implications for early interventionists working with families. Every early intervention program should consider families to reach maximum outcome. Early interventionists can use SPISE to evaluate parental selfefficacy and involvement and work on parents with low score to achieve the best results.

Keywords: Cochlear implant; Hearing aid; Hearing loss.

Fig. 1

Age of hearing loss identification (blue columns), receiving hearing aid (orange columns), cochlear implantation (grey columns) and auditory rehabilitation (yellow columns). Blue = age of hearing loss identification, orange = age of receiving hearing aid, grey = age of cochlear implantation, yellow = age of auditory rehabilitation