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. 2019 Feb 11;7(3):1004-1016.
doi: 10.1002/fsn3.924. eCollection 2019 Mar.

Application of steam explosion in oil extraction of camellia seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.) and evaluation of its physicochemical properties, fatty acid, and antioxidant activities

Shanying Zhang  1   2 , Yong-Gui Pan  2 , Lili Zheng  1 , Yang Yang  1 , Xiaoyan Zheng  1 , Binling Ai  1 , Zhimin Xu  3 , Zhanwu Sheng  1
Affiliations

Application of steam explosion in oil extraction of camellia seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.) and evaluation of its physicochemical properties, fatty acid, and antioxidant activities

Shanying Zhang et al. Food Sci Nutr. .

Abstract

This study evaluated the physicochemical properties of oils extracted from steam-exploded camellia seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.). Steam pressure, resident time, fatty acid composition, total phenolics, tocopherol, squalene, and sterol contents, and volatile compounds were determined. 1H NMR and FTIR spectra were performed for the structure of camellia seed oil. This study has found the highest yield of oil was 86.56% and was obtained when steam explosion pretreatment was at 1.6 MPa 30 s. Oil extracted by steam explosion pretreatment exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and stronger antioxidant activities compared to untreated oil. The compositions of fatty acid were similar between treated and untreated camellia seed oil. According to the 1H NMR and FTIR analyses, the functional groups of the oils were not significantly affected by the steam explosion pretreatment. Furans such as 2-pentyl-furan, 2-furanmethanol, and 3-methyl-furan were produced from stream-exploded camellia seed. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that steam explosion pretreatment efficiently promoted the release of oil by destroying the cell structure of camellia seed. Therefore, steam explosion can be an effective method for the camellia seed oil extraction.

Keywords: camellia seed oil; physicochemical properties; steam explosion; volatile compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of steam explosion on extraction yield of oil, residence time was kept constant for 30 s (a); effect of residence time, steam pressure was kept constant for 1.6 MPa (b). Bars (mean ± SD, n = 3) with different letters have mean values that are significantly different (p < 0.05)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of steam explosion on physicochemical properties of extraction oil, residence time was kept constant for 30s (a); effect of residence time, steam pressure was kept constant for 1.6 MPa (b). Bars (mean ± SD, n = 3) with different letters have mean values that are significantly different (p < 0.05)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of steam explosion on bioactive compound of extraction oil, residence time was kept constant for 30 s (a); effect of residence time, steam pressure was kept constant for 1.6 MPa (b). Bars (mean ± SD, n = 3) with different letters have mean values that are significantly different (p < 0.05)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Scanning electron micrographs of camellia seed: camellia seed without treatment (a); camellia seed treated with steam explosion (b)
Figure 5
Figure 5
The 1H NMR spectrum of the extracted oils from untreated camellia seed (a); steam‐exploded camellia seed (b)
Figure 6
Figure 6
The 1H NMR spectrum of the extracted oils from untreated camellia seed (a); steam‐exploded camellia seed (b)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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