Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Mar 28;8(4):430.
doi: 10.3390/jcm8040430.

HIV and cART-Associated Dyslipidemia Among HIV-Infected Children

Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse  1   2 , Byron Alexander Foster  3 , Adugna Chala  4 , Tolossa Eticha Chaka  5 , Temesgen Bizuayehu  6 , Freshwork Ayalew  7 , Getahun H/Meskel  8 , Sintayehu Tadesse  9 , Degu Jerene  10 , Eyasu Makonnen  11   12 , Eleni Aklillu  13
Affiliations

HIV and cART-Associated Dyslipidemia Among HIV-Infected Children

Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: Persistent dyslipidemia in children is associated with risks of cardiovascular accidents and poor combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) outcome. We report on the first evaluation of prevalence and associations with dyslipidemia due to HIV and cART among HIV-infected Ethiopian children.

Methods: 105 cART naïve and 215 treatment experienced HIV-infected children were enrolled from nine HIV centers. Demographic and clinical data, lipid profile, cART type, adherence to and duration on cART were recorded. Total, low density (LDLc) and high density (HDLc) cholesterol values >200 mg/dL, >130 mg/dL, <40 mg/dL, respectively; and/or, triglyceride values >150 mg/dL defined cases of dyslipidemia. Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia were compared between the two groups.

Results: prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly higher among cART experienced (70.2%) than treatment naïve (58.1%) children (p = 0.03). Prevalence of low HDLc (40.2% versus 23.4%, p = 0.006) and hypertriglyceridemia (47.2% versus 35.8%, p = 0.02) was higher among cART experienced than naïve children. There was no difference in total hypercholesterolemia and high LDLc levels. Nutrition state was associated with dyslipidemia among cART naïve children (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: high prevalence of cART-associated dyslipidemia, particularly low HDLc and hypertriglyceridemia was observed among treatment experienced HIV-infected children. The findings underscore the need for regular follow up of children on cART for lipid abnormalities.

Keywords: HIV; cART; children; dyslipidemias.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Median (interquartile range) values of lipid profile levels among treatment naïve and antiretroviral therapy experienced HIV-infected children with varying duration of treatment, 2016–2018. Figure 1 depicts the lipid profile levels by duration on cART. (A) shows total cholesterol levels by duration on treatment. The median total cholesterol of children who have taken cART for more than 5 years was significantly lower than cART naïve children (p = 0.003); children who have been on treatment for less than 2 years and those who have taken treatment for 2–5 years had lower total cholesterol values, but both were not statistically significant (p > 0.05); (B) shows the triglyceride levels by treatment duration. There was no statistically significance difference in the median triglyceride level by duration of treatment (p > 0.05); (C) shows LDLc (low density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels by treatment duration. There was no statistically significant difference in the median LDLc values among the groups by treatment experience (p > 0.05); (D) shows HDLc (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) by treatment duration. Children who have taken cART for more than 2 years have a significantly lower median HDLc level than those who are treatment naïve (p = 0.04). yrs–years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. UNAIDS: UNAIDS Data 2017. [(accessed on 20 September 2018)]; Available online: http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/20170720_Data_book....
    1. AIDSInfo: Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents Living with HIV: Adverse Events. [(accessed on 28 March 2019)]; Available online: https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adultandadolescentgl.pdf.
    1. UNAIDS: 90–90–90 An Ambitious Treatment Target to Help end the AIDS Epidemic. [(accessed on 20 September 2018)]; Available online: http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2017/90-90-90.
    1. Bain L.E., Nkoke C., Noubiap J.J.N. UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets to end the AIDS epidemic by 2020 are not realistic: comment on “Can the UNAIDS 90–90–90 target be achieved? A systematic analysis of national HIV treatment cascades”. BMJ Global Health. 2017;2:e000227. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000227. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kim R.J., Rutstein R.M. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on growth, body composition and metabolism in pediatric HIV patients. Paediatr. Drugs. 2010;12:187–199. doi: 10.2165/11532520-000000000-00000. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources