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. 2019 Mar 3:2019:7013758.
doi: 10.1155/2019/7013758. eCollection 2019.

The Lipodystrophy Syndrome in HIV-Infected Children under Antiretroviral Therapy: A First Report from the Central Africa

Honoré Kalombayi Tshamala  1 , Loukia Aketi  1 , Pierre Manianga Tshibassu  2 , Mathilde Bothale Ekila  3 , Eric Musalu Mafuta  4 , Patrick Kalambayi Kayembe  4 , Michel Ntetani Aloni  5 , Joseph Diayisu Shiku  1
Affiliations

The Lipodystrophy Syndrome in HIV-Infected Children under Antiretroviral Therapy: A First Report from the Central Africa

Honoré Kalombayi Tshamala et al. Int J Pediatr. .

Abstract

Background: Despite the high prevalence of the HIV/AIDS, few studies focused on the prevalence of lipodystrophy in pediatric HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ARV) in sub-Saharan African countries. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and to identify the risk factors of metabolic disorders related to ARV therapy in this population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was completed in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. HIV-infected children aged between six and 18 years on ARV were consecutively recruited. For each case, two control children (one non-HIV infected child and one HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve child) were also recruited.

Results: 80 HIV-infected on ARV therapy children (group 1), 80 noninfected children (group 2) and 65 HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve children (group 3) were recruited. The frequency of lipoatrophy was not statistically different between group 1 (16.3%) and group 3 (21.5%). A significantly higher proportion of lipohypertrophy, hypercholesterolemia, and lactic acidosis was noted in children of group 1, compared to the controls (p<0.05). Mixed form was rarely observed in this series. The frequency of hypertriglyceridemia was not different between the 3 groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Lipohypertrophy, hypercholesterolemia, and lactic acidosis emerge as a frequent metabolic disorders due to ARV therapy.

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