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. 2019 Apr 3;19(1):302.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3933-3.

Fulminant arterial vasculitis as an unusual complication of disseminated staphylococcal disease due to the emerging CC1 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clone: a case report

Charles Vidal  1 , Florence Moulin  2 , Xavier Nassif  1 , Louise Galmiche  3 , Delphine Borgel  4 , Alain Charbit  5 , Capucine Picard  6   7 , Jean-Paul Mira  8   9 , Olivier Lortholary  10 , Anne Jamet  1   5 , Julie Toubiana  11   12
Affiliations

Fulminant arterial vasculitis as an unusual complication of disseminated staphylococcal disease due to the emerging CC1 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clone: a case report

Charles Vidal et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a leading cause of invasive severe diseases with a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and outcome observed in staphylococcal illness may be a consequence of both microbial factors and variability of the host immune response.

Case presentation: A 14-years old child developed limb ischemia with gangrene following S. aureus bloodstream infection. Histopathology revealed medium-sized arterial vasculitis. The causing strain belonged to the emerging clone CC1-MSSA and numerous pathogenesis-related genes were identified. Patient's genotyping revealed functional variants associated with severe infections. A combination of virulence and host factors might explain this unique severe form of staphylococcal disease.

Conclusion: A combination of virulence and genetic host factors might explain this unique severe form of staphylococcal disease.

Keywords: Case report; Genetic susceptibility; Polymorphism; S. aureus; Sepsis; Vasculitis; Virulence.

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Not applicable.

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Written consents from the patient and his parents were obtained for publication of this case report, images and all information contained in it.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Histopathology of the amputation specimen. a Coexistence of normal (star) and pathologic medium-sized arteries (arrow) in necrotic and ischemic fibro-adipose tissue. Focal infiltration by inflammatory cells is noted. b and c Pathologic artery occluded by fibrinous thrombus (arrow). Arterial wall is replaced by cellular debris without residual endothelium. Surrounding tissues are necrotic and ischemic. d Gram staining shows bacterial colonization of arterial wall. Numerous bacteria (arrow) are found around the lumen
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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