High prevalence and risk factors of Coxiella burnetii in milk of dairy animals with a history of abortion in Iran

Abstract

Coxiella burnetii is causative agent of Q fever, which is a public health problem in most countries. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence rate of C. burnetii in raw milk of dairy animals in Iran with previous history of abortion. In this survey, milk samples were collected from different dairy animals with history of abortion from Qom province (center of Iran). Samples were tested by Nested PCR and Real-time PCR for detection of IS1111 gene of C. burnetii. In total, 34.92% (44 of 126) milk samples were positive for C. burnetii. Prevalence of C. burnetii in cattle, sheep and goat milk was 33.33%, 35.71% and 35.71%, respectively. Age was a significant risk factor for shedding of C. burnetii in cattle (P = 0.02) and goat (P = 0.05). Shedding of C. burnetii was high prevalence in milk of dairy animals with history of abortion in Iran. The high prevalence of this bacterium in milk (especially in animals with history of abortion) indicates that Excreted by milk as a potential source to spread of infection in the environment.

Keywords: Abortion; Coxiella burnetii; Iran; Milk; Q fever; Shedding.