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Review
. 2019 Apr 16;68(8):339-345.
doi: 10.33588/rn.6808.2018356.

[Postictal pulmonary oedema: a review of the literature]

[Article in Spanish]
O M Romero-Osorio  1 , J F Abaunza-Camacho  1 , D Sandoval-Briceno  1
Affiliations
Free article
Review

[Postictal pulmonary oedema: a review of the literature]

[Article in Spanish]
O M Romero-Osorio et al. Rev Neurol. .
Free article

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Introduction: Postictal neurogenic pulmonary oedema is an infrequent condition of varying severity, probably related to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). It is more frequent in patients with generalised tonic-clonic seizures of long duration or with status epilepticus.

Aim: Based on a review of the literature, the aim is to describe the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, radiological findings, treatment and prognosis of patients with postictal pulmonary oedema.

Development: A search of the literature was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and BVS databases using a combination of free terms. The limits of the search applied were: papers published between 1 January 2000 and 26 April 2018, and papers for which the abstract was available. Altogether 23 papers were found, most of which were clinical cases, and used to extract the information needed to carry out the review.

Conclusions: In postictal pulmonary oedema, generalised tonic-clonic seizures are the most frequently reported type. The most common clinical manifestations were dyspnoea and tachycardia appearing within a few minutes after the seizure. Among the paraclinical findings the most frequent was leukocytosis. In general terms, a good prognosis was found in most cases, with improvement of the oedema within a period of between 12 and 96 hours. Only two of the 21 patients reported died. In addition, in a clinical pathology study in patients with SUDEP, pulmonary oedema appeared in most cases.

Title: Edema pulmonar postictal: revision de la bibliografia.

Introduccion. El edema pulmonar neurogeno postictal es una patologia poco frecuente con gravedad variable, probablemente en relacion con la muerte subita asociada a la epilepsia (SUDEP). La frecuencia es mayor en pacientes con crisis tonicoclonicas generalizadas de larga duracion o con estado epileptico. Objetivo. Por medio de una revision de la bibliografia se pretende describir las caracteristicas clinicas, la fisiopatologia, los hallazgos radiologicos, el tratamiento y el pronostico de los pacientes con edema pulmonar postictal. Desarrollo. Se realizo una busqueda de la bibliografia en las bases de datos PubMed, Embase, Cochrane y BVS empleando una combinacion de terminos libres. Se aplicaron como limites de busqueda: articulos publicados desde el 1 de enero de 2000 hasta el 26 de abril de 2018 y articulos que contaran con el resumen disponible. En total se revisaron 23 articulos, en su mayoria casos clinicos, de los cuales se obtuvo la informacion para desarrollar la revision. Conclusiones. En el edema pulmonar postictal, el tipo de crisis mas frecuentemente comunicada es la tonicoclonica generalizada. Las manifestaciones clinicas mas habituales fueron disnea y taquicardia de aparicion en los minutos posteriores a la crisis. En los paraclinicos, el hallazgo mas frecuente fue leucocitosis. En general se encontro un buen pronostico en la mayoria de los casos, con mejoria del edema entre las 12 y las 96 horas. Unicamente dos de los 21 pacientes comunicados fallecieron. Ademas, en un estudio clinico de patologia en pacientes con SUDEP, el edema pulmonar aparecio en la mayoria de los casos.

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