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Review
. 2019 May;196(2):205-214.
doi: 10.1111/cei.13285. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Mucosal vaccines and technology

A Miquel-Clopés  1 , E G Bentley  2 , J P Stewart  2 , S R Carding  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Mucosal vaccines and technology

A Miquel-Clopés et al. Clin Exp Immunol. 2019 May.

Abstract

There is an urgent and unmet need to develop effective vaccines to reduce the global burden of infectious disease in both animals and humans, and in particular for the majority of pathogens that infect via mucosal sites. Here we summarise the impediments to developing mucosal vaccines and review the new and emerging technologies aimed at overcoming the lack of effective vaccine delivery systems that is the major obstacle to developing new mucosal vaccines.

Keywords: bacterial; mucosal; vaccines; viral.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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