Standards for global cardiovascular risk management arteriosclerosis

Abstract

One of the main goals of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis is to contribute to a wider and greater knowledge of vascular disease, its prevention and treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in our country and also lead to a high degree of disability and health expenditure. Arteriosclerosis is a multifactorial disease, this is why its prevention requires a global approach that takes into account the different risk factors with which it is associated. Thus, this document summarizes the current level of knowledge and integrates recommendations and procedures to be followed for patients with established cardiovascular disease or high vascular risk. Specifically, this document reviews the main symptoms and signs to be evaluated during the clinical visit, the laboratory and imaging procedures to be routinely requested or those in special situations. It also includes the estimation of vascular risk, the diagnostic criteria of the different entities that are cardiovascular risk factors, and presents general and specific recommendations for the treatment of the different cardiovascular risk factors and their final objectives. Finally, the document includes aspects that are not often mentioned in the literature, such as the organisation of a vascular risk consultation.

Keywords: Arteriosclerosis; Atrial fibrillation; Cardiovascular risk; Cardiovascular risk factors; Diabetes; Dislipemia; Dyslipemia; Factores de riesgo cardiovascular; Fibrilación auricular; Hipertensión arterial; Hipoglucemiantes; Hipolipemiantes; Hipotensores; Hypertension; Hypoglycaemic agents; Hypolipemias; Hypotensors; Prevención primaria; Prevención secundaria; Primary prevention; Riesgo cardiovascular; Secondary prevention; Smoking; Tabaquismo.