Introduction to Disability and Health for Preclinical Medical Students: Didactic and Disability Panel Discussion

Abstract

Introduction: Millions of American patients have a disability, and their health care outcomes depend on the attitudes of their health care providers towards persons with disabilities. Overly negative health care provider attitudes lead to significant misunderstandings about what it means to have a disability, inappropriate assumptions, and poor care. However, very few medical schools teach about disability.

Methods: We developed a preclinical medical student curriculum that addresses the complexity of disability, focusing on health care disparities and bias. Our curriculum was designed with significant input from people with disabilities and was constructed from their perspective. In addition to didactic and discussion sessions on disability history, models of disability, and health disparities, we include a discussion panel with community members who have a disability.

Results: The curriculum has been effective at promoting discussion and is well received by students. When rating the relevance to future clinical practice, students gave the curriculum an average of 3.9 on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = poor, 5 = excellent). The majority of students commented that the community involvement in the session was the most meaningful aspect.

Discussion: It is possible to integrate community-driven discussions on the social context of disability into traditional medical school preclinical curricula, and students find it valuable to their education.

Keywords: Cultural Competency; Disability; Disparities; Diversity; Empathy; Patient-Centered Care.